From contextual fear to a dynamic view of memory systems.

From contextual fear to a dynamic view of memory systems.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tics.2009.10.008
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发表时间:
2010-01
影响因子:
19.9
通讯作者:
Fanselow, Michael S.
Fanselow, Michael S.
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fanselow, Michael S.

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大脑并不以单一的方式学习和记忆。相反,不同的电路专门处理某些类别的问题,并编码不同类型的信息。这些系统中的一个受损通常只会导致记忆形式的健忘,这是受影响区域的特长。大脑如何将特定类别的记忆分配给特定的电路?这个问题几乎没有受到关注。目前占主导地位的观点是多重记忆系统理论,它假设这种能力是天生的。以恐惧条件反射为范例,提出了一种替代模型,即通过一个动态过程将记忆加工分配给特定的回路。潜在的电路竞争形成记忆,最有效的电路成为赢家。然而,当这些“主”电路受损时,备用电路会进行补偿。
The brain does not learn and remember in a unitary fashion. Rather, different circuits specialize in certain classes of problems and encode different types of information. Damage to one of these systems typically results in amnesia only for the form of memory that is the affected region's specialty. How does the brain allocate a specific category of memory to a particular circuit? This question has received little attention. The currently dominant view, Multiple Memory Systems Theory, assumes that such abilities are hard-wired. Using fear conditioning as a paradigmatic case, I propose an alternative model in which mnemonic processing is allocated to specific circuits through a dynamic process. Potential circuits compete to form memories with the most efficient circuits emerging as winners. However, alternate circuits compensate when these “primary” circuits are compromised.
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