Transcriptional Regulation of Grass Secondary Cell Wall Biosynthesis: Playing Catch-Up with Arabidopsis thaliana.
Transcriptional Regulation of Grass Secondary Cell Wall Biosynthesis: Playing Catch-Up with Arabidopsis thaliana.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2012.00074
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Hazen SP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Handakumbura PP;Hazen SP
次生细胞壁的合成发生在细胞膨大完成后的特化细胞类型中。凭借由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素增厚的壁提供的机械强度，这些细胞可以起到导水容器的作用并提供结构支撑。几个转录因子家族调节编码壁合成酶的基因。某些NAC和MYB蛋白直接结合到结构基因和其他转录因子上游的SNBE和AC元件。这种调控网络的最详细的模型主要是针对真双子叶植物拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）建立的。在禾本科植物中，次生细胞壁的结构和组成都与真双子叶植物不同。这些差异表明转录调控是类似的不同。几种真双子叶植物细胞壁调节因子的推定水稻和玉米直向同源物在遗传上互补A.然而，除了玉米ZmMYB 31和柳枝稷蛋白PvMYB 4之外，尚未在草中测试功能。与A. thaliana，玉米、水稻和其它禾本科植物中的基因表达谱涉及作为调节剂的另外的基因。这些基因的特性将继续阐明真双子叶植物和禾本科植物的转录调控网络之间的关系。
Secondary cell wall synthesis occurs in specialized cell types following completion of cell enlargement. By virtue of mechanical strength provided by a wall thickened with cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin, these cells can function as water-conducting vessels and provide structural support. Several transcription factor families regulate genes encoding wall synthesis enzymes. Certain NAC and MYB proteins directly bind to the SNBE and AC elements upstream of structural genes and other transcription factors. The most detailed model of this regulatory network is established predominantly for a eudicot, Arabidopsis thaliana. In grasses, both the patterning and the composition of secondary cell walls are distinct from that of eudicots. These differences suggest transcriptional regulation is similarly distinct. Putative rice and maize orthologs of several eudicot cell wall regulators genetically complement mutants of A. thaliana or result in wall defects when constitutively overexpressed; nevertheless, aside from a maize, ZmMYB31, and a switchgrass protein, PvMYB4, function has not been tested in a grass. Similar to the seminal work conducted in A. thaliana, gene expression profiling in maize, rice, and other grasses implicates additional genes as regulators. Characterization of these genes will continue to elucidate the relationship between the transcription regulatory networks of eudicots and grasses.
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