Is working in later life good for your health? A systematic review of health outcomes resulting from extended working lives.
Is working in later life good for your health? A systematic review of health outcomes resulting from extended working lives.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-021-11423-2
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发表时间：
2021-07-09
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Goyder E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baxter S;Blank L;Cantrell A;Goyder E
工作而不是失业被认为是有益于健康的，但可能会有一个年龄的好处被负面影响所抵消。随着世界各国提高其典型退休年龄，对人口健康和健康不平等的潜在影响需要仔细审查。我们对2011年以来发达国家发表的关于64岁以上人群就业对健康影响的文献进行了系统回顾。我们完成了叙述性综合，并使用收获图来绘制报告结果的证据方向和数量。我们在方法和报告中遵循了系统性综述首选报告项目（PRISMA）检查表。我们确定了17项相关研究，这些研究采用队列或横断面设计。研究结果表明，有证据表明，延长工作时间对许多雇员的整体健康状况和身体健康产生了有益或中性影响，对心理健康产生了混合影响。然而，报告的好处最有可能是针对男性、从事非全时工作或减少到非全时工作的人以及从事非低质量或低报酬工作的雇员。延长工作年限（特别是非全时工作）可能对某些人有好处或中性影响，但对其他高需求或低报酬工作的人有不利影响。那些可以选择减少工作时间的人和那些出于经济原因需要继续全职工作的人之间的健康不平等可能会扩大。缺乏对生活质量影响的证据，也缺乏使老年工人能够延长健康工作寿命的干预措施。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s12889-021-11423-2获得。
Work, rather than unemployment, is recognised as being good for health, but there may be an age when the benefits are outweighed by adverse impacts. As countries around the world increase their typical retirement age, the potential effect on population health and health inequalities requires scrutiny. We carried out a systematic review of literature published since 2011 from developed countries on the health effects of employment in those over 64 years of age. We completed a narrative synthesis and used harvest plots to map the direction and volume of evidence for the outcomes reported. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) checklist in our methods and reporting. We identified seventeen relevant studies, which were of cohort or cross-sectional design. The results indicate evidence of beneficial or neutral effects from extended working on overall health status and physical health for many employees, and mixed effects on mental health. The benefits reported however, are most likely to be for males, those working part-time or reducing to part-time, and employees in jobs which are not low quality or low reward. Extending working life (particularly part time) may have benefits or a neutral effect for some, but adverse effects for others in high demand or low reward jobs. There is the potential for widening health inequalities between those who can choose to reduce their working hours, and those who need to continue working full time for financial reasons. There is a lack of evidence for effects on quality of life, and a dearth of interventions enabling older workers to extend their healthy working life. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11423-2.
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影响因子：
4.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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通讯作者：
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