Experimental design and primary data analysis methods for comparing adaptive interventions.

Experimental design and primary data analysis methods for comparing adaptive interventions.
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DOI:
10.1037/a0029372
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发表时间:
2012-12
影响因子:
7
通讯作者:
Murphy, Susan A.
Murphy, Susan A.
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nahum-Shani, Inbal;Qian, Min;Almirall, Daniel;Pelham, William E.;Gnagy, Beth;Fabiano, Gregory A.;Waxmonsky, James G.;Yu, Jihnhee;Murphy, Susan A.

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近年来,干预发展领域的研究正在从传统的固定干预方法转向适应性干预,随着时间的推移,这种方法可以实现干预选项(即干预类型和/或剂量)更大的个体化和适应性。适应性干预措施是通过一系列决策规则来实施的,这些规则规定了干预方案应如何适应个人的特征和不断变化的需求,总体目标是优化干预措施的长期有效性。在这里,我们回顾适应性干预措施,讨论这一概念对行为和社会科学研究的潜在贡献。然后,我们提出序贯多重分配随机试验(SMART),这是一种实验设计,有助于解决为构建高质量适应性干预措施提供信息的研究问题。为了阐明 SMART 方法及其优点,我们将 SMART 与其他实验方法进行比较。我们还提供分析 SMART 数据的方法,以解决为构建高质量适应性干预措施提供信息的主要研究问题。
In recent years, research in the area of intervention development is shifting from the traditional fixed-intervention approach to adaptive interventions, which allow greater individualization and adaptation of intervention options (i.e., intervention type and/or dosage) over time. Adaptive interventions are operationalized via a sequence of decision rules that specify how intervention options should be adapted to an individual’s characteristics and changing needs, with the general aim to optimize the long-term effectiveness of the intervention. Here, we review adaptive interventions, discussing the potential contribution of this concept to research in the behavioral and social sciences. We then propose the sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART), an experimental design useful for addressing research questions that inform the construction of high-quality adaptive interventions. To clarify the SMART approach and its advantages, we compare SMART with other experimental approaches. We also provide methods for analyzing data from SMART to address primary research questions that inform the construction of a high-quality adaptive intervention.
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