Increased emission intensity can compensate for the presence of noise in human click-based echolocation.
Increased emission intensity can compensate for the presence of noise in human click-based echolocation.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-021-81220-9
复制
发表时间：
2021-01-18
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Thaler L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Castillo-Serrano JG;Norman LJ;Foresteire D;Thaler L
回声定位蝙蝠调整它们的排放物，以便在嘈杂的环境中取得成功。在目前的研究中，我们调查了回声定位人类是否能够在存在噪声的情况下检测到声音反射表面，以及回声定位发射的强度(即点击)是否以系统的模式发生变化。我们测试了盲人和有回声定位经验的人，以及在研究之前没有回声定位经验的盲人和有视力的人。我们使用回声检测范式，参与者听回声定位声音的双耳录音(即他们不发出自己的滴答声)，并且发射和回声的强度根据参与者的表现自适应地改变(回声的强度与发射的强度挂钩)。我们发现，发射强度必须系统地增加，以补偿相对于背景噪声较弱的回声。事实上，发射强度增加了，以至于在4千赫和5千赫频段，回声的频谱功率比噪声的频谱功率高出12%分贝。所有参与者的影响都是相同的，这表明这种影响独立于长期使用回声定位的经验而发生。我们的发现首次证明了人们可以在存在噪声的情况下进行回声定位，并表明处理噪声的一个潜在策略是增加发射强度，以保持回声的某些光谱分量的信噪比。
Echolocating bats adapt their emissions to succeed in noisy environments. In the present study we investigated if echolocating humans can detect a sound-reflecting surface in the presence of noise and if intensity of echolocation emissions (i.e. clicks) changes in a systematic pattern. We tested people who were blind and had experience in echolocation, as well as blind and sighted people who had no experience in echolocation prior to the study. We used an echo-detection paradigm where participants listened to binaural recordings of echolocation sounds (i.e. they did not make their own click emissions), and where intensity of emissions and echoes changed adaptively based on participant performance (intensity of echoes was yoked to intensity of emissions). We found that emission intensity had to systematically increase to compensate for weaker echoes relative to background noise. In fact, emission intensity increased so that spectral power of echoes exceeded spectral power of noise by 12 dB in 4-kHz and 5-kHz frequency bands. The effects were the same across all participant groups, suggesting that this effect occurs independently of long-time experience with echolocation. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that people can echolocate in the presence of noise and suggest that one potential strategy to deal with noise is to increase emission intensity to maintain signal-to-noise ratio of certain spectral components of the echoes.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Luo J;Goerlitz HR;Brumm H;Wiegrebe L
通讯作者：
Wiegrebe L
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Norman LJ;Thaler L
通讯作者：
Thaler L
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Ternström, S;Bohman, M;Södersten, M
通讯作者：
Södersten, M
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2017.2735
发表时间：
2018-02-28
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Thaler, L.;De Vos, R.;Hornikx, M.
通讯作者：
Hornikx, M.
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Bates, Mary E.;Stamper, Sarah A.;Simmons, James A.
通讯作者：
Simmons, James A.