A Review of Factors Associated with Age of First Injection.
A Review of Factors Associated with Age of First Injection.
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DOI：
10.1080/02791072.2020.1804648
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Batchelder A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McLaughlin M;Amaya A;Klevens M;O'Cleirigh C;Batchelder A
注射吸毒在美国日益引起公众健康关注。阿片类药物的滥用和成瘾导致注射吸毒者的预期寿命下降，艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎病毒感染风险回升。虽然已经制定了一些针对药物滥用障碍患者的有效治疗策略，但预防注射吸毒的有效干预措施需要进一步针对亚人群和社会背景进行调整。为了更好地了解与开始注射吸毒相关的背景变量，我们对评估首次注射年龄相关性的现有文献进行了叙述性回顾。我们发现了十六项符合我们纳入标准的研究。在各项研究中，较晚开始注射吸毒与非裔美国人和女性有关，而较早开始注射吸毒则与较早使用非法药物、童年创伤和监禁有关。我们还发现，早期开始与危险的物质使用行为相关，尽管早期和晚期开始在传染病流行方面的差异的研究结果是混杂的。这些与首次注射年龄的相关性可能会为量身定制的注射预防策略提供信息。通过在注射前识别相关亚人群的特征和行为，预防注射吸毒的干预措施可能会变得更加有效。
Injection drug use is of increasing public health concern in the United States. Misuse of and addiction to opioids has contributed to declining life expectancies and rebounding risk of HIV and HCV acquisition among people who inject drugs. While some effective treatment strategies for individuals with substance use disorders have been established, effective interventions to prevent injection drug use require greater tailoring to sub-populations and social contexts. To better understand contextual variables associated with initiation of injection drug use, we conducted a narrative review of the existing literature that assessed correlates of age of first injection. We found sixteen studies that met our inclusion criteria. Across studies, later injection drug use initiation was associated with being African American and female, while early initiation was associated with earlier illicit substance use, childhood trauma, and incarceration. We also found that early initiation was associated with riskier substance-using behaviours, though the findings were mixed with respect to differences between early and late initiates in infectious disease prevalence. These correlates of age of first injection can potentially inform tailored injection prevention strategies. By identifying the features and behaviors of relevant sub-populations before they inject, interventions to prevent injection drug use could become more effective.
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