Is Overnight Fasting before Surgery Too Much or Not Enough? How Basic Aging Research Can Guide Preoperative Nutritional Recommendations to Improve Surgical Outcomes: A Mini-Review.
Is Overnight Fasting before Surgery Too Much or Not Enough? How Basic Aging Research Can Guide Preoperative Nutritional Recommendations to Improve Surgical Outcomes: A Mini-Review.
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DOI：
10.1159/000453109
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Mitchell JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Longchamp A;Harputlugil E;Corpataux JM;Ozaki CK;Mitchell JR
饮食限制(DR)最为人所知的是延长实验模式生物的寿命，但也增加了对各种临床相关应激源的抵抗力，包括与手术相关的应激源。对于啮齿动物来说，需要延长DR的时间，持续几个月到几年，才能获得最佳的长寿益处，但短期的饮食预适应(不到一周)可以显著保护动物免受急性损伤。在这里，我们讨论了在手术应激抵抗的背景下，我们对短期DR和禁食的机制基础的理解的最新进展，包括GCN2和mTORC1通路的上游氨基酸感应，以及下游的效应机制，包括增加胰岛素依赖的生存信号和增加内源性硫化氢的产生。我们还回顾了目前术前营养从术前禁食转向碳水化合物负荷的趋势。最后，我们讨论了非相互排斥地使用简短DR或药物DR模拟物来预防手术应激和潜在并发症的基本原理。
Dietary restriction (DR) is best known for extending lifespan in experimental model organisms, but also increases resistance to a variety of clinically relevant stressors, including those associated with surgery. Extended periods of DR, lasting months to years, are required for optimal longevity benefits in rodents, but short-term dietary preconditioning (less than 1 week) remarkably protects from acute injury. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the mechanistic basis of short-term DR and fasting in the context of surgical stress resistance, including upstream amino acid sensing by the GCN2 and mTORC1 pathways, and downstream effector mechanisms including increased insulin-dependent prosurvival signaling and elevated endogenous hydrogen sulfide production. We also review the current trend in preoperative nutrition away from preoperative fasting and towards carbohydrate loading. Finally, we discuss the rationale for the nonmutually exclusive use of brief DR or pharmacological DR mimetics to precondition against the stress and potential complications of surgery.
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影响因子：
7.8
作者：
Fontana L;Weiss EP;Villareal DT;Klein S;Holloszy JO
通讯作者：
Holloszy JO
影响因子：
10.9
作者：
Howell, Jessica J.;Manning, Brendan D.
通讯作者：
Manning, Brendan D.
MTORC1的信号整合与生物合成输出相协调的营养输入。
影响因子：
21.3
作者：
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1038/nrm3522
发表时间：
2013-03
期刊：
Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Gustafsson, U. O.;Scott, M. J.;Ljungqvist, O.
通讯作者：
Ljungqvist, O.