Dune gardening? A critical view of the contemporary coastal dune management paradigm
Dune gardening? A critical view of the contemporary coastal dune management paradigm
复制标题
沙丘园艺？
作者：
Cooper A
现代海岸沙丘管理主要是通过沙丘生态学的棱镜来看待的。实现最大限度的生物多样性和保护优先物种是主要目标，管理是基于干预措施（放牧，割草，燃烧，重新播种和人工破坏稳定）来实现这一目的。在非管理条件下，沙丘植被往往会按照既定的演替模式在时间上演变，导致低多样性灌木丛或林地。实现高度多样性需要抵制演替，以保护生物多样性更高的早期阶段。管理的净效果是创造出一个符合人类愿望的植被网络。这种干预措施不是将自然环境，而是将沙丘减少到公园的状态。欧洲西北部沙丘的自然状态在相对稳定的海平面条件下，在过去的几千年里，通常是有限的沙子供应，当然，自从小冰期（1650-1800）以来，处于相对良好的植被和高级演替阶段。现代沙丘管理实际上相当于一种“沙丘园艺”形式，以维持一种非自然的状态（即，与周围环境相协调）在当代条件下或过去两个世纪的条件下。目前的做法是基于人类的价值判断，将自然演替视为敌人。这种观点和由此产生的抵制自然变化的行动与更普遍的环境管理目标-通过抵制人类干预来维护自然系统-是不一致的。这种做法降低了沙丘对全球气候变化的适应能力。我们提倡一种方法，认为沙丘相结合的地貌和生态系统的变化，以应对不断变化的环境驱动力。
Modern coastal dune management is viewed largely through the prism of dune ecology. Achieving maximum biodiversity and preserving priority species are the primary objectives and management is based on interventions (grazing, mowing, burning, reseeding, and artificial destabilisation) to achieve that purpose. Under non‐managed conditions, dune vegetation tends to evolve temporally following well‐established succession patterns that lead to a low diversity scrub or woodland. Achieving high diversity involves resisting succession so as to preserve the more biodiverse, earlier stages. The net effect of management is to create dunes with a network of vegetation types that conform to human wish lists. Rather than natural environments, such interventions reduce dunes to the status of parklands. The natural status of NW European dunes under the conditions of relatively stable sea level and generally limited sand supply over the past few thousand years, and certainly since the Little Ice Age (1650–1800), is to be at a relatively well‐vegetated and advanced stage of succession. Modern dune management effectively amounts to a form of “dune gardening” to maintain a status that is not natural (i.e., attuned to the ambient environment) under contemporary conditions or those of the past two centuries. Current practice is based on a human value‐judgement that views natural succession as the enemy. This view and the resulting actions to resist natural change are at variance with the more pervasive environmental management goal of maintaining natural systems by resisting human intervention. Such an approach reduces dune resilience to global climate change. We advocate an approach that views dunes as combined geomorphological and ecological systems capable of change in response to changing environmental drivers.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Kelble CR;Loomis DK;Lovelace S;Nuttle WK;Ortner PB;Fletcher P;Cook GS;Lorenz JJ;Boyer JN
通讯作者：
Boyer JN
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Jackson, Derek W. T.;Costas, Susana;Cooper, Andrew
通讯作者：
Cooper, Andrew
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Everard, Mark;Jones, Laurence;Watts, Bill
通讯作者：
Watts, Bill
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Debora Lithgow;M. L. Martínez;J. B. Gallego
通讯作者：
J. B. Gallego
沿海沙丘的恢复
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-33445-0
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
Restoration of Coastal Dunes
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. L. Martínez;J. B. Gallego;P. Hesp
通讯作者：
P. Hesp