The communicative importance of agent-backgrounding: Evidence from homesign and Nicaraguan Sign Language
The communicative importance of agent-backgrounding: Evidence from homesign and Nicaraguan Sign Language
复制标题
主体背景的交际重要性：来自手语和尼加拉瓜手语的证据
DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104332
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Goldin-Meadow, Susan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rissman, Lilia;Horton, Laura;Flaherty, Molly;Senghas, Ann;Coppola, Marie;Brentari, Diane;Goldin-Meadow, Susan
有些概念对人类交流来说比其他概念更重要。在本文中，我们调查的概念agent-backgrounding是足够重要的沟通，语言结构编码这一概念是目前在年轻的手语。施事背景结构用于降低施事的突出性--英语被动语态a book was knocked over就是一个例子。虽然这些结构在跨语言中得到了广泛的证实，但关于这种结构在新语言中的出现的研究却很少。在这里，我们研究了如何代理背景建设出现在印尼手语（NSL）和成人homesign系统。我们发现，NSL签署者都创新了词汇和形态手段来表达代理背景，这表明传达一个灵活的角度对事件有深刻的交际价值。与此同时，施事背景装置并没有与施事装置同时出现。这一结果表明，代理背景不具有相同的核心认知地位的机构。施事背景形态学的出现似乎依赖于接受一个语言系统作为输入，在这个系统中，表达施事的语言手段已经很好地建立起来。
Some concepts are more essential for human communication than others. In this paper, we investigate whether the concept ofagent-backgroundingis sufficiently important for communication that linguistic structures for encoding this concept are present in young sign languages. Agent-backgrounding constructions serve to reduce the prominence of the agent – the English passive sentencea book was knocked overis an example. Although these constructions are widely attested cross-linguistically, there is little prior research on the emergence of such devices in new languages. Here we studied how agent-backgrounding constructions emerge in Nicaraguan Sign Language (NSL) and adult homesign systems. We found that NSL signers have innovated both lexical and morphological devices for expressing agent-backgrounding, indicating that conveying a flexible perspective on events has deep communicative value. At the same time, agent-backgrounding devices did not emerge at the same time as agentive devices. This result suggests that agent-backgrounding does not have the same core cognitive status as agency. The emergence of agent-backgrounding morphology appears to depend on receiving a linguistic system as input in which linguistic devices for expressing agency are already well-established.
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