Annual environmental variation influences host tolerance to parasites

Annual environmental variation influences host tolerance to parasites
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年度环境变化影响宿主对寄生虫的耐受性

DOI:
10.1098/rspb.2019.0049
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Clayton, Dale H.
Clayton, Dale H.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
McNew, Sabrina M.;Knutie, Sarah A.;Goodman, Graham B.;Theodosopoulos, Angela;Saulsberry, Ashley;Yépez R., Janai;Bush, Sarah E.;Clayton, Dale H.

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当面对寄生虫或病原体时,宿主可以通过抵抗或容忍攻击来保护自己。虽然当资源有限时,抵抗力会减弱,但目前还不清楚对环境条件变化的耐受性有多强。在这里,我们调查的敏感性的耐受性在一个单一的主机人口生活在一个高度可变的环境。我们操纵丰富的入侵寄生蝇,Philornis downsi,在巢的加拉帕戈斯嘲鸫(Mimus parvulus)在四个领域的季节和测量主机健身响应寄生。知更鸟对磷的耐受性。downsi年间变化显著,降雨量有限时下降。视频观察表明,父母提供的雏鸟似乎是容忍的关键:在干旱的年份,模仿鸟可能没有足够的资源来补偿的影响ofP。downsi。这些结果表明,主机的耐受性是一个不稳定的性状,并建议,环境的变化起着重要的作用,在介导的后果,主机-寄生虫相互作用。
When confronted with a parasite or pathogen, hosts can defend themselves by resisting or tolerating the attack. While resistance can be diminished when resources are limited, it is unclear how robust tolerance is to changes in environmental conditions. Here, we investigate the sensitivity of tolerance in a single host population living in a highly variable environment. We manipulated the abundance of an invasive parasitic fly,Philornis downsi, in nests of Galápagos mockingbirds (Mimus parvulus) over four field seasons and measured host fitness in response to parasitism. Mockingbird tolerance toP. downsivaried significantly among years and decreased when rainfall was limited. Video observations indicate that parental provisioning of nestlings appears key to tolerance: in drought years, mockingbirds likely do not have sufficient resources to compensate for the effects ofP. downsi. These results indicate that host tolerance is a labile trait and suggest that environmental variation plays a major role in mediating the consequences of host–parasite interactions.
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