Caffeine and ethanol in nectar interact with flower color impacting bumblebee behavior
Caffeine and ethanol in nectar interact with flower color impacting bumblebee behavior
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花蜜中的咖啡因和乙醇与花颜色相互作用，影响大黄蜂的行为
DOI：
10.1007/s00265-022-03208-3
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Agrawal, Anurag A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones, Patricia;Agrawal, Anurag A.
咖啡因和乙醇是花蜜中天然存在的化合物。我们研究了这些化合物如何影响传粉者的行为，包括花的偏好，花的恒定性，和社会行为，使用熊蜂，熊蜂凤仙花，这是事先的经验觅食的人蓝色或人白色（以下为蓝色和白色）人造花。由于花色影响蜜蜂的行为，对蓝色有强烈的偏好，我们专注于花蜜化学和花色之间的相互作用。有经验的蜜蜂喜欢蓝色的花，不管花蜜的化学成分。相比之下，对于先前有过白色花经验的蜜蜂，只有对照处理偏好白色，而暴露于咖啡因和乙醇的蜜蜂没有表现出偏好。因此，花蜜化合物的影响可能只发生在蜜蜂已经在一个不太喜欢的颜色觅食。我们还研究了花蜜化学对加入其他蜜蜂在花的社会行为的影响。在蜜蜂对先前经历的花朵颜色表现出偏好的相同处理中（所有蓝色处理和仅白色对照），蜜蜂也优先访问未被占用的花朵。然而，在蜜蜂没有表现出颜色偏好的处理中（白色咖啡因和乙醇处理），蜜蜂对未被占据的花朵没有表现出偏好。我们表明，花蜜中咖啡因和乙醇的实地现实水平对传粉者行为的影响取决于花的颜色，突出表明花蜜化学对植物的潜在成本和收益可能取决于蜜蜂对其他花性状的行为偏好。但很少有研究表明它们对自由飞行的蜜蜂的行为决定有影响。咖啡因和酒精存在于一些花的花蜜中。我们发现蜜蜂对这些花蜜化合物的反应取决于花的颜色。蜜蜂优先访问蓝色的花朵，无论花蜜化学，但咖啡因或酒精的存在下，蜜蜂颜色偏好减少蜜蜂觅食时，有经验的白色花。大黄蜂的社会行为，加入其他蜜蜂在鲜花显示相关的影响，在治疗中，蜜蜂表现出对花的类型的偏好，他们也更喜欢单独觅食。这项研究强调，蜜蜂做出决定的基础上的多模态线索，包括花蜜化学之间的相互作用，因此花蜜化学选择的强度是依赖于蜜蜂的行为偏见的其他花卉性状。
Caffeine and ethanol are naturally occurring compounds in floral nectar. We examined how these compounds influenced pollinator behaviors including floral preference, floral constancy, and social behavior using bumblebees,Bombus impatiens, which were given prior experience foraging on either human blue or human white (hereafter blue and white) artificial flowers. Because flower color influenced bee behavior, with strong preferences for blue, we focused on the interaction between nectar chemistry and flower color. Bees that had experience with blue flowers preferred blue regardless of nectar chemistry. In contrast, for bees that had prior experience with white flowers, only the control treatment preferred white, while bees exposed to caffeine and ethanol showed no preference. The effects of nectar compounds may therefore only occur when bees are already foraging on a less-preferred color. We also examined the impact of nectar chemistry on the social behavior of joining other bees at flowers. In the same treatments for which bees showed a preference for previously experienced flower colors (all of the blue treatments and only the white control), bees also preferentially visited unoccupied flowers. In the treatments where bees showed no color preference, however (the white caffeine and ethanol treatments), bees showed no preference for unoccupied flowers. We show that the impacts of field-realistic levels of caffeine and ethanol in nectar on pollinator behavior depend on flower color, highlighting that the potential costs and benefits of nectar chemistry to plants are likely to be dependent on bee behavioral biases for other floral traits.Significance statementFlower nectar often contains toxic compounds hypothesized to impact pollination, but little research has shown their effects on the behavioral decisions of free-flying bees. Caffeine and alcohol occur in the nectar of some flowers. We found that bee response to these nectar compounds depends on the flower color. Bees preferentially visited blue flowers regardless of nectar chemistry, but the presence of caffeine or alcohol reduced bee color preference when bees had experience foraging on white flowers. The bumblebee’s social behavior of joining other bees at flowers showed related effects; in treatments where bees showed a preference for flower type, they also preferred to forage alone. This research highlights that bees make decisions based on the interaction between multimodal cues including nectar chemistry, and therefore the strength of selection on nectar chemistry is dependent on bee behavioral biases for other floral traits.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Baracchi D;Marples A;Jenkins AJ;Leitch AR;Chittka L
通讯作者：
Chittka L
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Abramson, Charles I.;Craig, David Philip Arthur;Wells, Harrington
通讯作者：
Wells, Harrington
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1714414114
发表时间：
2017-12-12
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Nordström K;Dahlbom J;Pragadheesh VS;Ghosh S;Olsson A;Dyakova O;Suresh SK;Olsson SB
通讯作者：
Olsson SB
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Leadbeater, Ellouise;Chittka, Lars
通讯作者：
Chittka, Lars
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
P. Stevenson
通讯作者：
P. Stevenson