Mitogen-activated protein kinase p38alpha and retinal ischemic preconditioning.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase p38alpha and retinal ischemic preconditioning.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.exer.2009.07.006
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发表时间:
2009-11
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Roth, Steven
Roth, Steven
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dreixler, John C.;Barone, Frank C.;Shaikh, Afzhal R.;Du, Eugenie;Roth, Steven

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In previous studies, inhibition of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAP) p38 significantly improved recovery and attenuated apoptosis after retinal ischemia in rats. Yet, ischemic preconditioning (IPC) attenuated the ischemia-induced increase in p38 expression. We hypothesized that p38 was required for induction of ischemic tolerance by IPC. We examined the mechanisms of involvement of p38 in IPC neuroprotection. IPC or ischemia was induced in rat retina in vivo. Recovery after ischemia performed 24 h after IPC was assessed functionally (electroretinography) and histologically at 7 days after ischemia in the presence or absence of inhibition of p38. We examined the role of p38α in the mimicking of IPC produced by opening mitochondrial KATP channels using diazoxide, or stimulation of p38 activation by anisomycin. The importance of adenosine receptors in p38 activation after IPC was assessed using specific blockers of adenosine A1 and A2a receptors. Interfering RNA (siRNA) or SB203580 were used to block p38α. Phosphorylated p38 levels were measured. Phosphorylated p38 protein increased with IPC. Interfering RNA (siRNA) to p38α prior to IPC, or inhibiting p38 activation with SB203580, with ischemia following 24 h later, significantly attenuated the neuroprotective effect of IPC. Anisomycin administered to increase p38 mimicked IPC, an effect blocked by SB203580. IPC mimicking with diazoxide, an opener of mitochondrial KATP channels, was diminished with p38α siRNA. Adenosine receptor blockade did not decrease the elevated levels of phosphorylated p38 after IPC. Specific inhibition of p38α suggests that this MAPK is involved in the protective effects of IPC, and that p38 is downstream of mitochondrial KATP channels, but not adenosine receptors, in this neuroprotection.
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