Human Type II Taste Cells Express Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Are Infected by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Human Type II Taste Cells Express Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Are Infected by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
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人类II型味道细胞表达血管紧张素转化酶2，并通过严重的急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-COV-2）感染。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.05.010
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发表时间：
2021-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Egan JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Doyle ME;Appleton A;Liu QR;Yao Q;Mazucanti CH;Egan JM
化学感应变化是严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 感染的常见症状。该病毒通过其刺突蛋白与细胞表面血管紧张素转换酶 2 (ACE2) 结合来靶向进入细胞。目前尚不清楚 ACE2 是否在味觉受体细胞 (TRC) 上表达，或者 TRC 是否被直接感染。原位杂交探针和 ACE2 特异性抗体表明 ACE2 存在于 TRC 亚群（即味蕾味乳头中的 II 型细胞）上。对表现出 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 症状（包括味觉变化）的 SARS-CoV-2+ 患者的菌状乳头进行了活检。通过原位杂交验证了 II 型细胞中复制 SARS-CoV-2 的存在。因此，II 型味觉细胞为病毒进入提供了一个潜在的门户，可以预测口腔中对 SARS-CoV-2 的脆弱性。患者的菌状乳头味觉干细胞层的连续性和细胞更新在感染过程中被破坏，并且在症状出现6周后尚未完全恢复。另一位经历了 COVID-19 后味觉障碍的患者的干细胞也受到了破坏。这些结果表明，在 COVID-19 中经常报道的新颖和突然的味觉变化可能是味觉乳头被 SARS-CoV-2 直接感染的结果。这可能会导致味觉受体干细胞活性受损，并表明需要进一步的工作来了解人类味蕾中病毒动力学的急性和急性后动力学。
Chemosensory changes are well-reported symptoms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The virus targets cells for entry by binding of its spike protein to cell-surface angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). It is not known whether ACE2 is expressed on taste receptor cells (TRCs), or whether TRCs are infected directly. in situ hybridization probe and an antibody specific to ACE2 indicated presence of ACE2 on a subpopulation of TRCs (namely, type II cells in taste buds in taste papillae). Fungiform papillae of a SARS-CoV-2+ patient exhibiting symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including taste changes, were biopsied. Presence of replicating SARS-CoV-2 in type II cells was verified by in situ hybridization. Therefore, taste type II cells provide a potential portal for viral entry that predicts vulnerabilities to SARS-CoV-2 in the oral cavity. The continuity and cell turnover of a patient's fungiform papillae taste stem cell layer were disrupted during infection and had not completely recovered 6 weeks after symptom onset. Another patient experiencing post–COVID-19 taste disturbances also had disrupted stem cells. These results demonstrate the possibility that novel and sudden taste changes, frequently reported in COVID-19, may be the result of direct infection of taste papillae by SARS-CoV-2. This may result in impaired taste receptor stem cell activity and suggest that further work is needed to understand the acute and postacute dynamics of viral kinetics in the human taste bud.
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jinf.2021.01.004
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