Behavioral Responses to Immune-System Activation in an Anuran (the Cane Toad, Bufo marinus): Field and Laboratory Studies
Behavioral Responses to Immune-System Activation in an Anuran (the Cane Toad, Bufo marinus): Field and Laboratory Studies
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无尾动物（甘蔗蟾蜍、Bufo marinus）对免疫系统激活的行为反应：现场和实验室研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Richard Shine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
David C. Llewellyn;Gregory P. Brown;Michael B. Thompson;Richard Shine
寄生虫和病原体带来的挑战会引起行为和生理反应。对于包括无尾两栖动物在内的大多数外温类物种，人们对这种行为反应知之甚少。我们量化了模拟感染(通过注射细菌脂多糖[LPS])对澳大利亚热带地区中华大蟾蜍入侵范围内的摄食、活动和体温调节的影响。在实验室试验中，注射脂多糖降低了喂食率。对于室外围栏中的蟾蜍来说，注射脂多糖减少了活动，并改变了体温曲线。尽管之前的研究将这种体温变化归因于行为发热(体温升高可能有助于对抗感染)，但我们的实验室研究表明，注射了内毒素的蟾蜍停止了活动。因此，在一个温度梯度中，注射了内毒素的蟾蜍会靠近梯度的任何一端(热的或冷的)；因此，引入位置(而不是行为的体温调节)决定了体温状况。室外围栏中注射了内毒素的蟾蜍的温度分布发生了变化，这也是不活动的次要后果。因此，免疫反应对甘蔗蟾蜍的主要行为影响是活动和摄食率降低。体温调节变化也会发生，但只是作为不活动的次要后果。
The challenges posed by parasites and pathogens evoke behavioral as well as physiological responses. Such behavioral responses are poorly understood for most ectothermic species, including anuran amphibians. We quantified effects of simulated infection (via injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) on feeding, activity, and thermoregulation of cane toads Bufo marinus within their invasive range in tropical Australia. LPS injection reduced feeding rates in laboratory trials. For toads in outdoor enclosures, LPS injection reduced activity and shifted body temperature profiles. Although previous research has attributed such thermal shifts to behavioral fever (elevated body temperatures may help fight infection), our laboratory studies suggest instead that LPS-injected toads stopped moving. In a thermal gradient, LPS-injected toads thus stayed close to whichever end of the gradient (hot or cold) they were first introduced; the introduction site (rather than behavioral thermoregulation) thus determined body temperature regimes. Shifts in thermal profiles of LPS-injected toads in outdoor enclosures also were a secondary consequence of inactivity. Thus, the primary behavioral effects of an immune response in cane toads are reduced rates of activity and feeding. Thermoregulatory modifications also occur but only as a secondary consequence of inactivity.
温度升高对免疫防御的影响。
DOI：
10.1093/clinids/13.3.462
发表时间：
1991
期刊：
Reviews of infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
RobertsJr,NJ
通讯作者：
RobertsJr,NJ
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.1997.273.5.r1631
发表时间：
1997-11-01
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Demas, GE;Chefer, V;Nelson, RJ
通讯作者：
Nelson, RJ