N,N-dimethylacetamide targets neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease in in-vitro and ex-vivo models.

N,N-dimethylacetamide targets neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease in in-vitro and ex-vivo models.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-023-34355-w
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发表时间:
2023-05-01
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
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--
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阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种慢性退行性脑部疾病,没有明确的发病机制或有效的治疗方法,占痴呆病例的 60-80%。近年来,神经炎症在 AD 和其他神经退行性疾病发病机制中的重要性引起了人们的关注。此前,我们偶然发现广泛使用的药物赋形剂N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)可以减弱内毒素诱导的体内炎症反应。在目前的工作中,我们研究了 DMA 对神经炎症的影响及其在 AD 体外和离体模型中的作用机制。我们发现,DMA 显着抑制脂多糖 (LPS) 诱导的培养小胶质细胞和器官型海马切片中炎症介质的产生,例如活性氧 (ROS)、一氧化氮 (NO) 和各种细胞因子和趋化因子,以及淀粉样蛋白-β (Aβ)。我们还证明 DMA 可以抑制 Aβ 诱导的炎症。最后,我们表明 DMA 对神经炎症的作用机制是抑制核因子 kappa-B (NF-κB) 信号通路,并且我们展示了 DMA 如何破坏 NF-κB 和 Aβ 合成之间的正反馈环。总而言之,我们的研究结果表明,DMA 作为一种普遍被认为可以穿过血脑屏障的安全化合物,应该作为治疗阿尔茨海默病和神经炎症性疾病的潜在疗法进行进一步研究。
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic degenerative brain disorder with no clear pathogenesis or effective cure, accounting for 60–80% of cases of dementia. In recent years, the importance of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of AD and other neurodegenerative disorders has come into focus. Previously, we made the serendipitous discovery that the widely used drug excipient N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) attenuates endotoxin-induced inflammatory responses in vivo. In the current work, we investigate the effect of DMA on neuroinflammation and its mechanism of action in in-vitro and ex-vivo models of AD. We show that DMA significantly suppresses the production of inflammatory mediators, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and various cytokines and chemokines, as well as amyloid-β (Aβ), in cultured microglia and organotypic hippocampal slices induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We also demonstrate that DMA inhibits Aβ-induced inflammation. Finally, we show that the mechanism of DMA’s effect on neuroinflammation is inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and we show how DMA dismantles the positive feedback loop between NF-κB and Aβ synthesis. Taken together, our findings suggest that DMA, a generally regarded as safe compound that crosses the blood brain barrier, should be further investigated as a potential therapy for Alzheimer’s disease and neuroinflammatory disorders.
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