The effect of substrate on prey capture does not match natural substrate use in a wolf spider
The effect of substrate on prey capture does not match natural substrate use in a wolf spider
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基质对猎物捕获的影响与狼蛛的天然基质使用不匹配
DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.03.014
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Rosenthal, Malcolm F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meza, Pablo;Elias, Damian O.;Rosenthal, Malcolm F.
重点Schizocosa floridana狼蛛限制其栖息地使用橡树凋落物。蜘蛛在沙子上比在橡树凋落物上更有效地捕获猎物。沙子传递基质传播的振动很差。振动或视觉感官信息的损失不会妨碍猎物捕获。因为栖息地在从觅食到交配到捕食者回避的环境中呈现不同的成本和收益，关于生境使用的决定可能涉及各种行为环境的重大权衡。我们研究这种可能性，在Schizocosa佛罗里达州，一个爬行狼蛛的栖息地由多种基质，包括橡树和松树凋落物，和沙子。然而，S. floridana限制了它对橡树凋落物的栖息地使用。基底环境在它们传输视觉和振动信息的程度上变化很大。先前的研究发现，橡树凋落物最好地传递了对交配沟通至关重要的基板传播的振动。然而，橡树凋落物可能会减少视觉信息的可用性，这是已知的是重要的猎物捕获在其他狼蛛物种。在这里，我们测试的底物和猎物捕获效率之间的关系，在S。佛罗里达。我们通过两个基于实验室的实验来研究觅食环境中的底物使用，以（1）评估该领域中三种最常见底物之间的猎物捕获效率差异，以及（2）确定哪些感觉方式参与猎物捕获。我们发现，猎物捕获率最高的沙子，尽管事实上，沙子是最少使用的基板由S。在野外的佛罗里达。我们也没有发现确凿的证据表明，无论是视觉或振动的感觉方式是至关重要的猎物捕获。因此，我们的研究结果表明，严格的栖息地专业化，如所展示的S。floridana在某些生态环境中是有益的，但在另一些环境中是昂贵的。
HighlightsSchizocosa floridana wolf spiders restrict their habitat use to oak litter.Spiders catch prey more efficiently on sand than on oak litter.Sand transmits substrate-borne vibrations poorly.Loss of vibratory or visual sensory information does not impede prey capture.Because habitats present different costs and benefits in contexts ranging from foraging to mating to predator avoidance, decisions about habitat use likely involve significant trade-offs across behavioural contexts. We examine this possibility in Schizocosa floridana, a cursorial wolf spider whose habitat consists of multiple substrates, including oak and pine litter, and sand. However, S. floridana restricts its use of habitat to oak litter. Substrate environments vary significantly in the degree to which they transmit visual and vibratory information. Previous work found that oak litter best transmits the substrate-borne vibrations that are critical to mating communication. However, oak litter may reduce the availability of visual information, which is known to be important for prey capture in other wolf spider species. Here, we test the relationship between substrate and prey capture efficiency in S. floridana. We examine substrate use in a foraging context via two laboratory-based experiments to (1) assess differences in prey capture efficiency among the three most common substrates in the field and to (2) determine which sensory modalities are involved in prey capture. We found that prey capture rates were highest on sand despite the fact that sand is the least used substrate by S. floridana in the wild. We also found no conclusive evidence that either the visual or the vibratory sensory modalities are critical for prey capture. Our results thus suggest that strict habitat specialization such as that exhibited by S. floridana is beneficial in some ecological contexts but costly in others.
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作者：
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DOI：
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期刊：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
1999
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作者：
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