Radiation occupational health interventions offered to radiation workers in response to the complex catastrophic disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.
Radiation occupational health interventions offered to radiation workers in response to the complex catastrophic disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.
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辐射职业卫生干预措施为辐射工人提供了福基岛Daiichi核电站的复杂灾难性灾难的响应。
DOI：
10.1093/jrr/rru110
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发表时间：
2015-05
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kunugita N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shimura T;Yamaguchi I;Terada H;Okuda K;Svendsen ER;Kunugita N
福岛第一核电站在2011年3月11日东日本大地震和海啸的连锁反应以及随之而来的熔毁和氢气爆炸中受到严重破坏。这导致了自1986年切尔诺贝利事故以来最严重的核事故。就像切尔诺贝利事件一样，紧急救援人员被招募来执行各种任务，包括灾难应对、救援活动、核电站控制和辐射净化。本文介绍了对福岛核电站辐射工人采取的各种职业健康干预措施的类型和效果。实施这些干预措施是为了防止不必要的辐射过度照射和相关的有害健康影响和工伤。在所有应急工作人员中，只有不到1%的人受到了100毫西弗的外部辐射，迄今为止，还没有报告这些工作人员因辐射而死亡或健康受损。实施了几项职业健康干预措施，包括制定新的监管暴露限值，改进工人的辐射剂量测定，管理稳定碘，建立职业健康跟踪系统，以及改进职业医学和预防保健。这些干预措施不仅对防止不必要的辐射至关重要，而且对管理精神健康、热病和传染病等其他一般健康问题也至关重要。上述职业健康干预措施的长期实施对于确保对这些工人的持续支持和照顾至关重要，因为他们处于有史以来最严重的职业健康风险条件之一。
The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) 1 was severely damaged from the chain reaction of the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami on 11 March 2011, and the consequent meltdown and hydrogen gas explosions. This resulted in the worst nuclear accident since the Chernobyl accident of 1986. Just as in the case of Chernobyl, emergency workers were recruited to conduct a wide range of tasks, including disaster response, rescuing activities, NPP containment, and radiation decontamination. This paper describes the types and efficacy of the various occupational health interventions introduced to the Fukushima NPP radiation workers. Such interventions were implemented in order to prevent unnecessary radiation overexposure and associated adverse health effects and work injuries. Less than 1% of all emergency workers were exposed to external radiation of >100 mSv, and to date no deaths or health adversities from radiation have been reported for those workers. Several occupational health interventions were conducted, including setting of new regulatory exposure limits, improving workers' radiation dosimetry, administration of stable iodine, running an occupational health tracking system, and improving occupational medicine and preventative care. Those interventions were not only vital for preventing unnecessary radiation, but also for managing other general health issues such as mental health, heat illness and infectious diseases. Long-term administration of the aforementioned occupational health interventions is essential to ensure the ongoing support and care for these workers, who were put under one of the most severe occupational health risk conditions ever encountered.
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影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Matsuoka Y;Nishi D;Nakaya N;Sone T;Noguchi H;Hamazaki K;Hamazaki T;Koido Y
通讯作者：
Koido Y
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Balonov, Mikhail
通讯作者：
Balonov, Mikhail
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Otake, M;Schull, WJ;Lee, S
通讯作者：
Lee, S
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Mettler, Fred A., Jr.;Gus'kova, Angelina K.;Gusev, Igor
通讯作者：
Gusev, Igor
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
STERNTHAL, E;LIPWORTH, L;BRAVERMAN, LE
通讯作者：
BRAVERMAN, LE