Life-time drinking course of driving-while-impaired offenders.
Life-time drinking course of driving-while-impaired offenders.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03963.x
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发表时间：
2012-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Russell M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lapham SC;Skipper BJ;Russell M
这项回顾研究比较了新墨西哥州283名男性和413名女性的饮酒史，这些人被判在受损时驾驶(DWI)，并在第一次定罪和筛查转介后15年进行了采访。我们描述了15岁至60岁的饮酒过程，并绘制了饮酒状况(稳定戒酒者、戒酒者、中度饮酒者或高风险饮酒者)。太平洋研究与评估研究所，阿尔伯克基，新墨西哥州。以前被定罪的酒后驾车罪犯的社区样本。综合国际诊断访谈中的精神障碍；认知终生饮酒史中的饮酒史。无论男女，高风险饮酒在各个年龄段都很普遍。几乎一半的人报告说，要么终生饮酒(19%)，要么在至少一次禁酒或适度饮酒后重新开始危险饮酒(25%)，而大约五分之一的人遵循了从不冒险或风险到适度的饮酒过程。被诊断为终生物质依赖的罪犯更容易过渡到高风险饮酒，而那些终生酒精依赖的人更容易过渡到戒酒。随着时间的推移，那些在15岁或更晚开始高风险饮酒的人戒酒的比例是那些在15岁之前开始高风险饮酒的人的两倍。女性和男性的饮酒过程相似，但女性在较晚的年龄就开始高风险饮酒，而且更多的时候开始戒酒。在美国，在被判在受损时开车的人中，开始饮酒的年龄较小，精神疾病和药物使用同时发生，似乎与随后危险饮酒行为的轨迹较差有关。被判在受损时开车的女性似乎在更晚的时候开始饮酒，随后更有可能成为戒酒者。
This retrospective study compared drinking histories of 283 men and 413 women convicted of driving while impaired (DWI) in New Mexico and interviewed 15 years following a first conviction and screening referral. We characterized drinking course and plotted drinking status (stable abstainers, abstainers, moderate, or risky drinkers) from age 15 to 60. Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Community sample of previously convicted DWI offenders. Psychiatric disorders from the Comprehensive International Diagnostic Interview; drinking histories from the Cognitive Lifetime Drinking History. Risky drinking was prevalent at all ages for both genders. Almost half the population reported either a lifetime drinking course of risky drinking (19%) or resumed risky drinking after at least one interval of abstinence or moderate drinking (25%), while about one fifth followed a never-risky or risky-to-moderate drinking course. Offenders with a lifetime diagnosis of substance dependence more often transitioned to risky drinking, and those with lifetime alcohol dependence were more prone to transition to abstinence. Across time, those who began risky drinking at age 15 or later quit at double the rate of those who began before age 15. Women’s and men’s drinking courses were similar, but women began risky drinking at a later age and more often moved to abstinence. Among people convicted of driving while impaired in the US, younger age of initiation of drinking and co-occurrence of psychiatric and substance use appear to be associated with a poorer trajectory of subsequent risky drinking behaviour. Women who are convicted of driving while impaired appear to start drinking later in life and be more likely subsequently to become abstainers.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Lapham, SC;Smith, E;Hunt, WC
通讯作者：
Hunt, WC
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Fan, Amy Z.;Russell, Marcia;Trevisan, Maurizio
通讯作者：
Trevisan, Maurizio
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Peller, Allyson J.;Najavits, Lisa M.;Shaffer, Howard J.
通讯作者：
Shaffer, Howard J.
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Shaffer, Howard J.;Nelson, Sarah E.;Caro, Gabriel
通讯作者：
Caro, Gabriel
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
McLellan, AT;Lewis, DC;Kleber, HD
通讯作者：
Kleber, HD