Small population size and extremely low levels of genetic diversity in island populations of the platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus.
Small population size and extremely low levels of genetic diversity in island populations of the platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.195
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发表时间：
2012-04
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Weeks, A. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Furlan, Elise;Stoklosa, J.;Griffiths, J.;Gust, N.;Ellis, R.;Huggins, R. M.;Weeks, A. R.
遗传多样性一般是人口复原力和持久性的基础。种群规模的减少和基因流动的缺乏会导致遗传多样性、生殖适应性的减少，以及适应环境变化的能力有限，从而增加灭绝的风险。岛屿人口通常较小且与世隔绝，因此，近亲繁殖和遗传多样性减少增加了其灭绝风险。鸭嘴兽的两个岛屿种群，Ornithorhynchus anatinus，存在;一个自然发生的种群在巴斯海峡的国王岛和最近引入的种群在南澳海岸的袋鼠岛。在这里，我们评估了这两个岛屿人口的遗传多样性，并将这些模式与遗传多样性估计的人口可能已经成立的地区。在袋鼠岛，我们还模拟了现场捕获数据，以确定人口规模的估计。金岛鸭嘴兽的遗传多样性水平非常低，13个微卫星位点中有8个是固定的，这可能反映了它们的种群规模小和长期隔离。微卫星检测到的杂合性估计值（HE= 0.032）是自然远交脊椎动物种群中通过该方法记录的遗传多样性的最低水平。相比之下，袋鼠岛上的遗传多样性估计要高一些。然而，估计人口规模小，有限的创始人与遗传隔离相结合，可能会导致进一步损失的遗传多样性，通过时间的袋鼠岛鸭嘴兽人口。这些和类似的隔离或遗传depaerate人口的未来的影响进行了讨论。
Genetic diversity generally underpins population resilience and persistence. Reductions in population size and absence of gene flow can lead to reductions in genetic diversity, reproductive fitness, and a limited ability to adapt to environmental change increasing the risk of extinction. Island populations are typically small and isolated, and as a result, inbreeding and reduced genetic diversity elevate their extinction risk. Two island populations of the platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus, exist; a naturally occurring population on King Island in Bass Strait and a recently introduced population on Kangaroo Island off the coast of South Australia. Here we assessed the genetic diversity within these two island populations and contrasted these patterns with genetic diversity estimates in areas from which the populations are likely to have been founded. On Kangaroo Island, we also modeled live capture data to determine estimates of population size. Levels of genetic diversity in King Island platypuses are perilously low, with eight of 13 microsatellite loci fixed, likely reflecting their small population size and prolonged isolation. Estimates of heterozygosity detected by microsatellites (HE= 0.032) are among the lowest level of genetic diversity recorded by this method in a naturally outbreeding vertebrate population. In contrast, estimates of genetic diversity on Kangaroo Island are somewhat higher. However, estimates of small population size and the limited founders combined with genetic isolation are likely to lead to further losses of genetic diversity through time for the Kangaroo Island platypus population. Implications for the future of these and similarly isolated or genetically depauperate populations are discussed.
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影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Ballou, JD
通讯作者：
Ballou, JD
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Clement, M;Posada, D;Crandall, KA
通讯作者：
Crandall, KA
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Cardoso, Maria J.;Eldridge, Mark D. B.;Firestone, Karen B.
通讯作者：
Firestone, Karen B.
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Excoffier, Laurent;Laval, Guillaume;Schneider, Stefan
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Schneider, Stefan
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Coltman, DW;Pilkington, JG;Pemberton, JM
通讯作者：
Pemberton, JM