De-identification procedures for magnetic resonance images and the impact on structural brain measures at different ages.
De-identification procedures for magnetic resonance images and the impact on structural brain measures at different ages.
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DOI：
10.1002/hbm.25459
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发表时间：
2021-08-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Brouwer RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buimer EEL;Schnack HG;Caspi Y;van Haren NEM;Milchenko M;Pas P;Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative;Hulshoff Pol HE;Brouwer RM
MRI 脑部扫描的表面渲染可能会通过面部特征来识别参与者。在本研究中，我们评估了三种覆盖包含隐私敏感信息的体素的方法：Face Masking、FreeSurfer defaceing 和 FSL defaceing。我们纳入了儿童、年轻人和老年人的结构 T1 加权 MRI 扫描。对于年轻人，测试-重测数据包含在 1 周的间隔内。使用不同的统计数据来量化去识别方法的效果，以捕获通过 FreeSurfer 处理管道获得的测量中的随机变化和系统噪声。在一些扫描中，面部遮蔽和 FSL 污损会影响大脑体素，尤其是年轻参与者。 FreeSurfer 在所有情况下都完好无损地破坏了左脑组织。 FSL 污损和 FreeSurfer 污损在某些扫描中保留了眼睛或嘴巴周围的可识别特征。对于所有去识别方法，当源自原始扫描与去识别扫描时，皮层下体积、皮层体积、皮层表面积和皮层厚度的区域大脑测量平均具有高度可重复性，对于儿童、年轻人和老年人，平均区域相关性>.90。我们发现，根据所研究的子样本、去识别方法和大脑指标，去识别后偶然会导致大脑测量值出现显着不同的微小系统偏差。在年轻人中，原始扫描和去识别扫描的重测组内相关系数 (ICC) 具有可比性，（亚）皮质体积和皮质表面积的平均区域 ICC > .90，皮质厚度的 ICC > 0.80。我们的结论是，尽管可能会出现小的系统偏差，但去识别方法之间的明显视觉差异对大脑测量的可靠性影响最小。去识别方法会消除或模糊解剖 MRI 扫描中的面部特征，但对 FreeSurfer 大脑测量也有很小的影响。此外，某些方法对于年轻参与者来说侵入性太大，或者并不总能成功去除所有面部特征。
Surface rendering of MRI brain scans may lead to identification of the participant through facial characteristics. In this study, we evaluate three methods that overwrite voxels containing privacy‐sensitive information: Face Masking, FreeSurfer defacing, and FSL defacing. We included structural T1‐weighted MRI scans of children, young adults and older adults. For the young adults, test–retest data were included with a 1‐week interval. The effects of the de‐identification methods were quantified using different statistics to capture random variation and systematic noise in measures obtained through the FreeSurfer processing pipeline. Face Masking and FSL defacing impacted brain voxels in some scans especially in younger participants. FreeSurfer defacing left brain tissue intact in all cases. FSL defacing and FreeSurfer defacing preserved identifiable characteristics around the eyes or mouth in some scans. For all de‐identification methods regional brain measures of subcortical volume, cortical volume, cortical surface area, and cortical thickness were on average highly replicable when derived from original versus de‐identified scans with average regional correlations >.90 for children, young adults, and older adults. Small systematic biases were found that incidentally resulted in significantly different brain measures after de‐identification, depending on the studied subsample, de‐identification method, and brain metric. In young adults, test–retest intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were comparable for original scans and de‐identified scans with average regional ICCs >.90 for (sub)cortical volume and cortical surface area and ICCs >.80 for cortical thickness. We conclude that apparent visual differences between de‐identification methods minimally impact reliability of brain measures, although small systematic biases can occur. De‐identification methods remove or blur facial characteristics on anatomical MRI scans, but also have a small effect on FreeSurfer brain measures. Furthermore, some methods are too invasive in younger participants or do not always succeed to remove all facial characteristics.
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Holmes, Avram J.;Hollinshead, Marisa O.;O'Keefe, Timothy M.;Petrov, Victor I.;Fariello, Gabriele R.;Wald, Lawrence L.;Fischl, Bruce;Rosen, Bruce R.;Mair, Ross W.;Roffman, Joshua L.;Smoller, Jordan W.;Buckner, Randy L.
通讯作者：
Buckner, Randy L.
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Iscan Z;Jin TB;Kendrick A;Szeglin B;Lu H;Trivedi M;Fava M;McGrath PJ;Weissman M;Kurian BT;Adams P;Weyandt S;Toups M;Carmody T;McInnis M;Cusin C;Cooper C;Oquendo MA;Parsey RV;DeLorenzo C
通讯作者：
DeLorenzo C
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Buimer, Elizabeth E. L.;Pas, Pascal;Mandl, Rene C. W.
通讯作者：
Mandl, Rene C. W.
影响因子：
3
作者：
Marcus, Daniel S.;Olsen, Timothy R.;Buckner, Randy L.
通讯作者：
Buckner, Randy L.
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Collins, DL;Holmes, CJ;Evans, AC
通讯作者：
Evans, AC