Inter-individual differences in empathy are reflected in human brain structure.
Inter-individual differences in empathy are reflected in human brain structure.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.05.081
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发表时间：
2012-09
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Rees, Geraint
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Banissy, Michael J.;Kanai, Ryota;Walsh, Vincent;Rees, Geraint
关键词：
同理心是一个多方面的概念，它不仅包括我们分享情感的能力，还包括我们在与他人互动时施加认知控制和观点采择的能力。在这里，我们研究了是否在不同的移情成分的个体间的差异与大脑结构的差异，使用基于体素的形态测量评估。在磁共振成像（MRI）扫描后，参与者完成了人际反应指数（IRI）。多元回归分析被试的灰质体积个体差异与共情特质个体差异之间的关系。我们发现，个体对他人的情感移情能力的差异与楔前叶、额下回和前扣带回的灰质体积呈负相关。自我导向情感移情的差异与躯体感觉皮层的灰质体积呈负相关，但正相关的体积在额叶皮层;认知观点采择能力与前扣带回的灰质体积呈正相关;与虚构人物的移情能力与右侧背外侧前额叶皮层的灰质变化呈正相关。这些研究结果进行了讨论有关的神经认知模型的同理心。我们研究了同理心的个体差异如何与大脑结构联系在一起。情感移情与楔前叶和前扣带回的变化有关。额下回的变化也与情感移情有关。观点采择与前扣带回的变化有关。个人痛苦与躯体感觉皮层和大脑皮层的变化有关。
Empathy is a multi-faceted concept consisting of our ability not only to share emotions but also to exert cognitive control and perspective taking in our interactions with others. Here we examined whether inter-individual variability in different components of empathy was related to differences in brain structure assessed using voxel-based morphometry. Following a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, participants completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). Multiple regression was then used to assess the relationship between individual differences in grey matter volume and individual differences in empathy traits. We found that individual differences in affective empathic abilities oriented towards another person were negatively correlated with grey matter volume in the precuneus, inferior frontal gyrus, and anterior cingulate. Differences in self-oriented affective empathy were negatively correlated with grey matter volume of the somatosensory cortex, but positively correlated with volume in the insula; cognitive perspective taking abilities were positively correlated with grey matter volume of the anterior cingulate; and the ability to empathise with fictional characters was positively related to grey matter changes in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. These findings are discussed in relation to neurocognitive models of empathy. ► We studied how individual variability in empathy is linked to brain structure. ► Affective empathy was linked to changes in the precuneus and anterior cingulate. ► Changes in the inferior frontal gyrus were also linked with affective empathy. ► Perspective taking was related to changes in the anterior cingulate. ► Personal distress was linked to changes in the somatosensory cortex and insula.
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