Conjugation of PEG and gold nanoparticles to increase the accessibility and valency of tethered RNA splicing enhancers

Conjugation of PEG and gold nanoparticles to increase the accessibility and valency of tethered RNA splicing enhancers
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PEG 和金纳米颗粒的缀合可提高束缚 RNA 剪接增强剂的可及性和效价

DOI:
10.1039/c2sc20937c
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
Chem. Sci.
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Perrett A
Perrett A
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Perrett A

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由于大多数哺乳动物基因都表现出不同的剪接模式,为了治疗目的,可以通过将剪接从一种模式轻推到另一种模式来改变基因的功能属性。使用双功能靶向剪接寡核苷酸增强剂(TOES)可以增强与难治性外显子的剪接,该增强剂可与目标外显子结合,并携带额外的序列基序来招募激活蛋白。我们在这里测试了通过使用点击化学在寡核苷酸的激活域和退火域之间插入六甘醇(HEG)或基本DNA的间隔物来增加激活域的可用性的有效性。我们表明,一个或两个HEG间隔区的存在可以增加寡核苷酸的有效性,但11或20的包含降低了活性。为了进一步提高寡核苷酸的价态,将退火区和活化区连接到金纳米颗粒(GNPs)上。我们表明,这些GNP-RNA结合物在剪接实验中的活性取决于GNP结合物的大小、RNA序列和连接到GNP表面的RNA链的方向性(即在5‘端或3’端与GNP结合)。引人注目的是,只需要激活结构域。
Since alternative splicing patterns are exhibited by most mammalian genes, the functional properties of a gene may be changed for therapeutic purposes by nudging splicing from one pattern to another. Splicing to a refractory exon can be enhanced using bifunctional targeted oligonucleotide enhancers of splicing (TOES), which anneal to a target exon and carry additional sequence motifs to recruit activator proteins. We have tested here the effectiveness of increasing the availability of the activating domain by using click chemistry to insert spacers of hexaethylene glycol (HEG) or abasic DNA between the activating and annealing domains of the oligonucleotide. We show that the presence of one or two HEG spacers can increase the effectiveness of an oligonucleotide, but the inclusion of 11 or 20 reduced the activity. To increase the valency of the oligonucleotides further, the annealing and activating domains were conjugated to gold nanoparticles (GNPs). We show that activity of these GNP–RNA conjugates in splicing assays depended on the size of the GNP conjugates, the RNA sequence and the directionality (i.e. attachment to GNP at either the 5′ or 3′-ends) of the RNA strands conjugated to the GNP surface. Strikingly, only the activating domains were required.
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