The effect of mutational robustness on the evolvability of multicellular organisms and eukaryotic cells.
The effect of mutational robustness on the evolvability of multicellular organisms and eukaryotic cells.
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DOI：
10.1111/jeb.14180
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发表时间：
2023-06
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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渠化涉及突变的稳健性，即由于基因突变而缺乏表型变化。鉴于不同物种在表型上的巨大差异，了解高度稳健性和进化性之间的关系一直是理论家和实验学家感兴趣的。尽管管道化最初是在多细胞生物体的背景下提出的，但多细胞和其他等级组织对进化性的影响尚未被理论家考虑。我们使用布尔种群模型来解决这个问题，该模型显式地表示了具有显式基因型和代表多细胞的层级表型的个体进化的环境。稳健性是用一个介于0和1之间的实数来描述的，该实数出现在基因-表型图谱上。我们发现，在恒定的环境中，较高的稳健性是有利的，而在环境变化后，较低的稳健性是有利的。多细胞和层次化组织严重限制了健壮性：峰值可演化性出现在健壮性的绝对值约为0.99，而在经典神经网络模型中的值约为0.5。这些限制导致了进化性的尖锐峰值，其中最大值是由以下事实设置的：随着稳健性的降低，固定自适应突变变得更加不可能。当稳健性被置于基因控制之下时，将选择导致最大可进化性的稳健性水平，但最大相对适应度似乎需要重组。
Canalization involves mutational robustness, the lack of phenotypic change as a result of genetic mutations. Given the large divergence in phenotype across species, understanding the relationship between high robustness and evolvability has been of interest to both theorists and experimentalists. Although canalization was originally proposed in the context of multicellular organisms, the effect of multicellularity and other classes of hierarchical organization on evolvability has not been considered by theoreticians. We address this issue using a Boolean population model with explicit representation of an environment in which individuals with explicit genotype and a hierarchical phenotype representing multicellularity evolve. Robustness is described by a single real number between zero and one which emerges from the genotype–phenotype map. We find that high robustness is favoured in constant environments, and lower robustness is favoured after environmental change. Multicellularity and hierarchical organization severely constrain robustness: peak evolvability occurs at an absolute level of robustness of about 0.99 compared with values of about 0.5 in a classical neutral network model. These constraints result in a sharp peak of evolvability in which the maximum is set by the fact that the fixation of adaptive mutations becomes more improbable as robustness decreases. When robustness is put under genetic control, robustness levels leading to maximum evolvability are selected for, but maximal relative fitness appears to require recombination.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Barkai, N;Leibler, S
通讯作者：
Leibler, S
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Gillespie, DT
通讯作者：
Gillespie, DT
影响因子：
2
作者：
GLASS, L;KAUFFMAN, SA
通讯作者：
KAUFFMAN, SA
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Carter, AJR;Hermisson, J;Hansen, TF
通讯作者：
Hansen, TF