Pathways to zoonotic spillover.
Pathways to zoonotic spillover.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrmicro.2017.45
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发表时间:
2017-08
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lloyd-Smith JO
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Plowright RK;Parrish CR;McCallum H;Hudson PJ;Ko AI;Graham AL;Lloyd-Smith JO
Zoonotic diseases present a substantial global health burden. In this Opinion article, Plowrightet al. present an integrative conceptual and quantitative model that reveals that all zoonotic pathogens must overcome a hierarchical series of barriers to cause spillover infections in humans. The online version of this article (doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.45) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Zoonotic spillover, which is the transmission of a pathogen from a vertebrate animal to a human, presents a global public health burden but is a poorly understood phenomenon. Zoonotic spillover requires several factors to align, including the ecological, epidemiological and behavioural determinants of pathogen exposure, and the within-human factors that affect susceptibility to infection. In this Opinion article, we propose a synthetic framework for animal-to-human transmission that integrates the relevant mechanisms. This framework reveals that all zoonotic pathogens must overcome a hierarchical series of barriers to cause spillover infections in humans. Understanding how these barriers are functionally and quantitatively linked, and how they interact in space and time, will substantially improve our ability to predict or prevent spillover events. This work provides a foundation for transdisciplinary investigation of spillover and synthetic theory on zoonotic transmission. The online version of this article (doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.45) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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期刊:
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