Pathways to zoonotic spillover.

Pathways to zoonotic spillover.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrmicro.2017.45
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发表时间:
2017-08
期刊:
Nature reviews. Microbiology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lloyd-Smith JO
Lloyd-Smith JO
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Plowright RK;Parrish CR;McCallum H;Hudson PJ;Ko AI;Graham AL;Lloyd-Smith JO

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人畜共患疾病是一个巨大的全球卫生负担。在这篇观点文章中,plowright等人提出了一个综合的概念和定量模型,揭示了所有人畜共患病原体必须克服一系列分层障碍才能在人类中引起溢出感染。本文的在线版本(doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.45)包含补充材料,授权用户可以使用。人畜共患外溢,即病原体从脊椎动物传播给人类,构成全球公共卫生负担,但对这一现象了解甚少。人畜共患外溢需要若干因素协调,包括病原体接触的生态、流行病学和行为决定因素,以及影响感染易感性的人体内因素。在这篇意见文章中,我们提出了一个整合了相关机制的动物到人传播的综合框架。这一框架表明,所有人畜共患病原体都必须克服一系列分层障碍,才能在人类中引起外溢感染。了解这些障碍如何在功能和数量上联系起来,以及它们如何在空间和时间上相互作用,将大大提高我们预测或防止溢出事件的能力。本研究为人畜共患病传播的溢出效应和综合理论的跨学科研究奠定了基础。本文的在线版本(doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.45)包含补充材料,授权用户可以使用。
Zoonotic diseases present a substantial global health burden. In this Opinion article, Plowrightet al. present an integrative conceptual and quantitative model that reveals that all zoonotic pathogens must overcome a hierarchical series of barriers to cause spillover infections in humans. The online version of this article (doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.45) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Zoonotic spillover, which is the transmission of a pathogen from a vertebrate animal to a human, presents a global public health burden but is a poorly understood phenomenon. Zoonotic spillover requires several factors to align, including the ecological, epidemiological and behavioural determinants of pathogen exposure, and the within-human factors that affect susceptibility to infection. In this Opinion article, we propose a synthetic framework for animal-to-human transmission that integrates the relevant mechanisms. This framework reveals that all zoonotic pathogens must overcome a hierarchical series of barriers to cause spillover infections in humans. Understanding how these barriers are functionally and quantitatively linked, and how they interact in space and time, will substantially improve our ability to predict or prevent spillover events. This work provides a foundation for transdisciplinary investigation of spillover and synthetic theory on zoonotic transmission. The online version of this article (doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2017.45) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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