A mechanistic understanding of polyethylene biodegradation by the marine bacterium Alcanivorax.
A mechanistic understanding of polyethylene biodegradation by the marine bacterium Alcanivorax.
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对海洋细菌 Alcanivorax 聚乙烯生物降解的机制的理解。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129278
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Zadjelovic V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zadjelovic V
聚乙烯（PE）是最难降解的碳基合成材料之一，目前也是自然界中最普遍的塑料污染物。随着时间的推移，结合非生物和生物过程被认为最终分解PE。尽管生物PE降解的证据有限，并且推测塑料球内发现的烃降解细菌是生物降解的指示，但对该过程没有明确的机理理解。在这里，使用高通量蛋白质组学，我们调查的分子过程中发生的烃降解海洋细菌Alcanivoraxsp。24当在低密度PE（LDPE）的存在下生长时。除了有效地利用和吸收风化LDPE的浸出液外，细菌还能够降低分子量分布（Mw从122 kg/mol降至83 kg/mol）和原始LDPE膜的总质量（孵育34天后为0.9%）。最有趣的是，Alcanivorax获得了原始塑料的同位素特征，并诱导了一系列广泛的脂肪族化合物降解代谢途径。据推测，LDPE的主要生物降解Alcanivoraxsp。24是可能的，如通过材料的表面氧化和在具有LDPE的培养物中的超氧化物的测量两者所观察到的，细胞外活性氧物质的产生是可能的。我们的研究结果证实，塑料圈内的烃生物降解细菌实际上可能在降解PE中发挥作用。
Polyethylene (PE) is one of the most recalcitrant carbon-based synthetic materials produced and, currently, the most ubiquitous plastic pollutant found in nature. Over time, combined abiotic and biotic processes are thought to eventually breakdown PE. Despite limited evidence of biological PE degradation and speculation that hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria found within the plastisphere is an indication of biodegradation, there is no clear mechanistic understanding of the process. Here, using high-throughput proteomics, we investigated the molecular processes that take place in the hydrocarbon-degrading marine bacteriumAlcanivoraxsp. 24 when grown in the presence of low density PE (LDPE). As well as efficiently utilising and assimilating the leachate of weathered LDPE, the bacterium was able to reduce the molecular weight distribution (Mwfrom 122 to 83 kg/mol) and overall mass of pristine LDPE films (0.9 % after 34 days of incubation). Most interestingly,Alcanivoraxacquired the isotopic signature of the pristine plastic and induced an extensive array of metabolic pathways for aliphatic compound degradation. Presumably, the primary biodegradation of LDPE byAlcanivoraxsp. 24 is possibleviathe production of extracellular reactive oxygen species as observed both by the material’s surface oxidation and the measurement of superoxide in the culture with LDPE. Our findings confirm that hydrocarbon-biodegrading bacteria within the plastisphere may in fact have a role in degrading PE.
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