Internal and external normalization of nascent RNA sequencing run-on experiments.

Internal and external normalization of nascent RNA sequencing run-on experiments.
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DOI:
10.1186/s12859-023-05607-3
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发表时间:
2024-01-12
期刊:
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学4区
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在具有对转录的显著扰动的实验中,新生RNA测序方案依赖于外部加标以进行可靠的标准化。与RNA-seq不同的是,这些加标不是标准化的,并且在许多情况下,依赖于假定在样品之间具有恒定效率的连续反应。为了评估这一假设的有效性,我们分析了大量已发表的新生RNA spike-in,以量化它们在现有标准化方法中的变异性。此外,我们开发了一个新的生物信息贝叶斯模型来估计基于标准化估计的尖峰的误差,我们称之为虚拟尖峰(VSI)。我们将这种方法应用于已发表的外部加标以及在长基因末端使用读段,这是基于Mahat的先前工作(Mol Cell 62(1):63-78,2016)。10.1016/j.molcel.2016.02.025)和Vihervaara(Nat Commun 8(1):255,2017. 10.1038/s41467-017-00151-0)。我们发现,在现有的新生RNA实验中,spike-in通常是测序不足的,样品之间的变异性很高。此外,我们表明,这些高变异性的估计可以有显着的下游影响的分析,复杂的生物学解释的结果。在线版本包含补充材料,可通过10.1186/s12859-023-05607-3获得。
In experiments with significant perturbations to transcription, nascent RNA sequencing protocols are dependent on external spike-ins for reliable normalization. Unlike in RNA-seq, these spike-ins are not standardized and, in many cases, depend on a run-on reaction that is assumed to have constant efficiency across samples. To assess the validity of this assumption, we analyze a large number of published nascent RNA spike-ins to quantify their variability across existing normalization methods. Furthermore, we develop a new biologically-informed Bayesian model to estimate the error in spike-in based normalization estimates, which we term Virtual Spike-In (VSI). We apply this method both to published external spike-ins as well as using reads at the end of long genes, building on prior work from Mahat (Mol Cell 62(1):63–78, 2016. 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.02.025) and Vihervaara (Nat Commun 8(1):255, 2017. 10.1038/s41467-017-00151-0). We find that spike-ins in existing nascent RNA experiments are typically under sequenced, with high variability between samples. Furthermore, we show that these high variability estimates can have significant downstream effects on analysis, complicating biological interpretations of results. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12859-023-05607-3.
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