The Archer and the Prey: The Duality of PAF1C in Antiviral Immunity.

The Archer and the Prey: The Duality of PAF1C in Antiviral Immunity.
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DOI:
10.3390/v15051032
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发表时间:
2023-04-22
期刊:
Viruses
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Shah PS
Shah PS
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kenaston MW;Shah PS

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在病毒和宿主之间持续的军备竞赛中,微调的基因表达在抗病毒信号传导中起着关键作用。然而,病毒已经进化到破坏这一过程,并通过靶向宿主限制因子来促进自身的复制。聚合酶相关因子1复合物(PAF1C)在这一关系中起着关键作用,它招募其他宿主因子来调节转录和调节先天免疫基因的表达。因此,PAF1C一直是多种病毒的靶标,要么抑制其抗病毒功能,要么为了自身利益而利用它们。在这篇综述中,我们深入研究了PAF1C在转录水平上通过激活干扰素和炎症反应来限制病毒的当前机制。我们还强调了这些机制的普遍性如何使PAF1C特别容易受到病毒劫持和拮抗剂的影响。事实上,只要发现PAF1C是一种限制因子,就会发现病毒以该复合体为应答目标。
In the ongoing arms race between virus and host, fine-tuned gene expression plays a critical role in antiviral signaling. However, viruses have evolved to disrupt this process and promote their own replication by targeting host restriction factors. Polymerase-associated factor 1 complex (PAF1C) is a key player in this relationship, recruiting other host factors to regulate transcription and modulate innate immune gene expression. Consequently, PAF1C is consistently targeted by a diverse range of viruses, either to suppress its antiviral functions or co-opt them for their own benefit. In this review, we delve into the current mechanisms through which PAF1C restricts viruses by activating interferon and inflammatory responses at the transcriptional level. We also highlight how the ubiquity of these mechanisms makes PAF1C especially vulnerable to viral hijacking and antagonism. Indeed, as often as PAF1C is revealed to be a restriction factor, viruses are found to have targeted the complex in reply.
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