Small Tweaks, Major Changes: Post-Translational Modifications That Occur within M2 Macrophages in the Tumor Microenvironment.

Small Tweaks, Major Changes: Post-Translational Modifications That Occur within M2 Macrophages in the Tumor Microenvironment.
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DOI:
10.3390/cancers14225532
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发表时间:
2022-11-10
期刊:
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Lu, Xiaomei
Lu, Xiaomei
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zheng, Shutao;Liang, Yan;Tan, Yiyi;Li, Lu;Liu, Qing;Liu, Tao;Lu, Xiaomei

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M2巨噬细胞具有功能多样性和可塑性,在肿瘤微环境中扮演着反派角色,促进肿瘤细胞的生长和转移,与肿瘤细胞生存期缩短密切相关。好事与他们无缘。为什么他们这么坏?为了更好地理解和分析M2巨噬细胞的行为,我们从翻译后修饰(PTM)的角度对M2巨噬细胞进行了新的研究,提出M2巨噬细胞中存在的翻译后修饰可以赋予M2巨噬细胞在肿瘤微环境中的多样性和可塑性。鉴于此,本文综述了肿瘤微环境中M2巨噬细胞中PTM的研究进展,以更好地了解M2巨噬细胞。大多数蛋白质都经历翻译后修饰(PTM),无论它们是否发生在蛋白质的生物合成中或之后。能够改变蛋白质的物理和化学性质和功能,因此PTM至关重要。通过促进癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭,M2巨噬细胞在肿瘤微环境(TME)中与癌细胞进行交流,M2巨噬细胞已成为TME中的关键细胞参与者。此外,越来越多的证据表明,PTM也可以发生在M2巨噬细胞中,可能参与塑造TME的多方面特征和生理行为。因此,有必要审查已报告在M2巨噬细胞内发生的PTM。尽管有几篇关于M2巨噬细胞作用的综述,但大多数综述忽略了M2巨噬细胞内发生的PTM。考虑到这一点,在这篇综述中,我们提供了一个综述,重点是已经报道的发生在M2巨噬细胞内的PTM的进展,主要是在TME中,以更好地了解M2巨噬细胞在肿瘤微环境中的性能。顺便说一句,我们还简要介绍了开发靶向PTM的抑制剂的进展以及人工智能(AI)在审查结束时预测和分析PTM的应用。
Featuring functional diversity and plasticity, M2 macrophages have been typecasting as villain player in tumor microenvironment, propelling the growth and metastases of tumor cells and being closely related with shorter survival. Good things elude them. Why are they so bad? Trying to understand and analyze the behavior of M2 macrophages, we looked at M2 macrophages in a new perspective that is from post-translational modification (PTM) angle, proposing that it is PTMs that occur in M2 macrophages that could endow M2 macrophages with being diverse and plastic in tumor microenvironment. Given this, this review summarizes the advancement of PTMs in M2 macrophages in tumor microenvironment, to gain better understanding of M2 macrophages. The majority of proteins are subjected to post-translational modifications (PTMs), regardless of whether they occur in or after biosynthesis of the protein. Capable of altering the physical and chemical properties and functions of proteins, PTMs are thus crucial. By fostering the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells with which they communicate in the tumor microenvironment (TME), M2 macrophages have emerged as key cellular players in the TME. Furthermore, growing evidence illustrates that PTMs can occur in M2 macrophages as well, possibly participating in molding the multifaceted characteristics and physiological behaviors in the TME. Hence, there is a need to review the PTMs that have been reported to occur within M2 macrophages. Although there are several reviews available regarding the roles of M2 macrophages, the majority of these reviews overlooked PTMs occurring within M2 macrophages. Considering this, in this review, we provide a review focusing on the advancement of PTMs that have been reported to take place within M2 macrophages, mainly in the TME, to better understand the performance of M2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Incidentally, we also briefly cover the advances in developing inhibitors that target PTMs and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the prediction and analysis of PTMs at the end of the review.
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影响因子: --
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