Production Practice During Language Learning Improves Comprehension

Production Practice During Language Learning Improves Comprehension
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语言学习过程中的生产实践可提高理解力

DOI:
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
Psychology Science
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
M. MacDonald
M. MacDonald
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
--
作者:
Elise W M Hopman;M. MacDonald

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语言学习者通常花更多的时间来理解而不是创造一门新的语言。然而,记忆研究表明,有理由怀疑生产练习可能比理解练习提供更好的学习体验。我们测试了在语言学习过程中产生的好处,以及这种学习在多大程度上转化为理解技能。我们教参与者一种包含多种语言依赖关系的人工语言。参与者被随机分配到产出性或理解性学习条件下,这些条件旨在平衡注意力需求和其他已知的产出性-理解差异。经过训练后,即使我们控制了词汇学习中的个体差异,产生式学习的参与者在词汇理解和语法依赖的理解测试上的成绩也要好于理解学习的参与者。这一结果表明,在学习过程中产生一种语言可以提高随后的理解能力,这对记忆和学习理论、语言表征和教育实践都有意义。
Language learners often spend more time comprehending than producing a new language. However, memory research suggests reasons to suspect that production practice might provide a stronger learning experience than comprehension practice. We tested the benefits of production during language learning and the degree to which this learning transfers to comprehension skill. We taught participants an artificial language containing multiple linguistic dependencies. Participants were randomly assigned to either a production- or a comprehension-learning condition, with conditions designed to balance attention demands and other known production–comprehension differences. After training, production-learning participants outperformed comprehension-learning participants on vocabulary comprehension and on comprehension tests of grammatical dependencies, even when we controlled for individual differences in vocabulary learning. This result shows that producing a language during learning can improve subsequent comprehension, which has implications for theories of memory and learning, language representations, and educational practices.
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