Short latency cerebellar modulation of the basal ganglia.

Short latency cerebellar modulation of the basal ganglia.
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DOI:
10.1038/nn.3868
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发表时间:
2014-12
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Khodakhah, Kamran
Khodakhah, Kamran
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen, Christopher H.;Fremont, Rachel;Arteaga-Bracho, Eduardo E.;Khodakhah, Kamran

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我们身体优雅、有目的的运动是一项工程壮举,在使用先进人工智能的机器人设备中仍然是无与伦比的。复杂运动所需的大部分信息是由小脑和基底神经节与皮层共同产生的。小脑和基底神经节被认为只能通过缓慢的多突触皮层回路相互交流,这就引出了一个问题,即它们如何在真实的时间内协调它们的输出。在这里,我们在小鼠中显示,小脑通过双突触通路快速调节纹状体的活动。在生理条件下,这种短潜伏期通路能够通过允许基底神经节整合时间敏感的小脑信息和引导皮质-纹状体可塑性的迹象来促进最佳运动控制。相反,在病理条件下,这条通路将异常的小脑活动传递到基底神经节,导致肌张力障碍。
The graceful, purposeful motion of our body is an engineering feat which remains unparalleled in robotic devices using advanced artificial intelligence. Much of the information required for complex movements is generated by the cerebellum and the basal ganglia in conjunction with the cortex. Cerebellum and basal ganglia have been thought to communicate with each other only through slow multi-synaptic cortical loops, begging the question as to how they coordinate their outputs in real time. Here we show in mice that the cerebellum rapidly modulates the activity of the striatum via a disynaptic pathway. Under physiological conditions this short latency pathway is capable of facilitating optimal motor control by allowing the basal ganglia to incorporate time-sensitive cerebellar information and by guiding the sign of cortico-striatal plasticity. Conversely, under pathological condition this pathway relays aberrant cerebellar activity to the basal ganglia to cause dystonia.
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