Convergent Evolution in a Murine Intestinal Parasite Rapidly Created the TGM Family of Molecular Mimics to Suppress the Host Immune Response.
Convergent Evolution in a Murine Intestinal Parasite Rapidly Created the TGM Family of Molecular Mimics to Suppress the Host Immune Response.
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DOI：
10.1093/gbe/evad158
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发表时间：
2023-09-04
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Newfeld, Stuart J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maizels, Rick M.;Newfeld, Stuart J.
最近在小鼠肠道寄生虫 Heligmosomoides polygyrus 中发现了转化生长因子-β 模拟物 (TGM) 多基因家族。这个家族是由一组非典型的有机体和分子进化机制沿着其适应景观的路径形成的。相关机制包括拟态、趋同、外显子模块化、新基因起源和基因家族新功能化。我们首先对 TGM 家族进行描述，然后解决两个进化问题：“为什么寄生虫生存需要 TGM 蛋白”和“TGM 家族何时起源”？对于前者，我们提供了一个可能的答案，对于后者，我们在反刍动物肠道寄生虫捻转血矛线虫中发现了多个 TGM 构建模块。最后，我们确定了未来研究的途径：新的生化数据为更多家族成员分配功能，以及毛圆线虫超家族和 Heligmosomoides 属的新基因组测序，以阐明 TGM 的起源和扩展。对 TGM 蛋白的持续研究将增加对转化生长因子-β 信号传导、宿主-寄生虫相互作用和后生动物进化机制的了解。
The Transforming Growth Factor-β mimic (TGM) multigene family was recently discovered in the murine intestinal parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus. This family was shaped by an atypical set of organismal and molecular evolutionary mechanisms along its path through the adaptive landscape. The relevant mechanisms are mimicry, convergence, exon modularity, new gene origination, and gene family neofunctionalization. We begin this review with a description of the TGM family and then address two evolutionary questions: “Why were TGM proteins needed for parasite survival” and “when did the TGM family originate”? For the former, we provide a likely answer, and for the latter, we identify multiple TGM building blocks in the ruminant intestinal parasite Haemonchus contortus. We close by identifying avenues for future investigation: new biochemical data to assign functions to more family members as well as new sequenced genomes in the Trichostrongyloidea superfamily and the Heligmosomoides genus to clarify TGM origins and expansion. Continued study of TGM proteins will generate increased knowledge of Transforming Growth Factor-β signaling, host–parasite interactions, and metazoan evolutionary mechanisms.
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Jackson AP
通讯作者：
Jackson AP
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Hinck AP;Mueller TD;Springer TA
通讯作者：
Springer TA
DOI：
10.1084/jem.20101074
发表时间：
2010-10-25
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
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作者：
Grainger JR;Smith KA;Hewitson JP;McSorley HJ;Harcus Y;Filbey KJ;Finney CA;Greenwood EJ;Knox DP;Wilson MS;Belkaid Y;Rudensky AY;Maizels RM
通讯作者：
Maizels RM
影响因子：
28.3
作者：
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Smith GL
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
Cooper, Max D.