Biocatalytic, stereoconvergent alkylation of (Z/E)-trisubstituted silyl enol ethers

Biocatalytic, stereoconvergent alkylation of (Z/E)-trisubstituted silyl enol ethers
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(Z/E)-三取代硅基烯醇醚的生物催化立体收敛烷基化

DOI:
10.1038/s44160-023-00431-2
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发表时间:
2024
期刊:
Nature Synthesis
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Arnold, Frances H.
Arnold, Frances H.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mao, Runze;Taylor, Doris Mia;Wackelin, Daniel J.;Rogge, Torben;Wu, Sophia J.;Sicinski, Kathleen M.;Houk, K. N.;Arnold, Frances H.

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将Z/烯烃混合物选择性地转化为手性产物是一项合成挑战。生物催化策略可以将同分异构烯转化为立体化合物,但酶通常只转化一个烯烃异构体,限制了总收率。还使用了其他战略来相互转化烯烃异构体,这往往是以增加能源消耗和化学废物为代价的。在这里,我们提出了从细菌细胞色素P450中提取的工程血蛋白,它有效地催化了硅烯醇醚的α-羰基烷基化,产生了立体产品。通过筛选和定向进化,我们获得了P450BM3突变体P411-SCA-5188,它能高效、立体选择性地在大肠杆菌中催化立体收敛的卡宾转移到各种硅烯醇醚的Z/E混合物中。与已建立的只有一个异构体不反应的立体专一性转化不同,P411-SCA-5188将两个异构体都转化为立体产品。这种生物催化方法简化了手性α支化酮的合成,因为它不需要化学计量比的手性助剂、强碱性碱金属烯醇酸盐和苛刻的条件,从而提供了高效率和优异的化学和立体选择性的产品。
The selective conversion of mixtures ofZ/Ealkenes into chiral products is a synthetic challenge. Biocatalytic strategies can transform isomeric alkenes into stereopure compounds, but enzymes typically convert only one alkene isomer, limiting the overall yield. Additional strategies have been used to interconvert alkene isomers, often at the cost of increasing energy consumption and chemical waste. Here we present engineered haemoproteins derived from a bacterial cytochrome P450 that efficiently catalyse α-carbonyl alkylation of isomeric silyl enol ethers, producing stereopure products. Through screening and directed evolution, we generated P450BM3variant P411-SCA-5188, which catalyses stereoconvergent carbene transfer inEscherichia coliwith high efficiency and stereoselectivity to variousZ/Emixtures of silyl enol ethers. In contrast to established stereospecific transformations that leave one isomer unreacted, P411-SCA-5188 converts both isomers to a stereopure product. This biocatalytic approach simplifies the synthesis of chiral α-branched ketones by eliminating the need for stoichiometric chiral auxiliaries, strongly basic alkali-metal enolates and harsh conditions, delivering products with high efficiency and excellent chemo- and stereoselectivities.
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