A 3-D Tail Explant Culture to Study Vertebrate Segmentation in Zebrafish.

A 3-D Tail Explant Culture to Study Vertebrate Segmentation in Zebrafish.
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DOI:
10.3791/61981
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发表时间:
2021-06-30
期刊:
Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Özbudak EM
Özbudak EM
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Simsek MF;Özbudak EM

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脊椎动物胚胎将其主要身体轴塑造成重复的体节,即椎骨、肌肉和皮肤的前体。随着胚胎尾端向后伸长,体节逐渐从分体节前中胚层(PSM)中分裂出来。体节的形成具有规律的周期性和大小比例。斑马鱼是一种受欢迎的模式生物,因为它在遗传上易于处理,并且具有允许活体成像的透明胚胎。然而,在体节发生期间,鱼胚胎被包裹在一个大的圆形蛋黄周围。这种几何形状限制了斑马鱼胚胎中PSM组织的实时成像,特别是在需要近物镜工作距离的较高分辨率下。在这里,我们提出了一个扁平的3-D组织培养方法的斑马鱼尾巴外植体的现场成像。尾部外植体模仿完整的胚胎显示轴伸长和缩短的喙尾体节长度成比例的放缓。我们还可以通过外植体培养来延缓胚轴的伸长速度。这是第一次,使我们能够解开化学输入的信号梯度从机械输入的轴向伸长。在未来的研究中,这种方法可以与微流体设置相结合,以允许时间控制的药物扰动或脊椎动物分割的筛选,而无需任何药物渗透问题。
Vertebrate embryos pattern their major body axis as repetitive somites, the precursors of vertebrae, muscle, and skin. Somites progressively segment from the presomitic mesoderm (PSM) as the tail end of the embryo elongates posteriorly. Somites form with regular periodicity and scale in size. Zebrafish is a popular model organism as it is genetically tractable and has transparent embryos that allow for live imaging. Nevertheless, during somitogenesis, fish embryos are wrapped around a large, rounding yolk. This geometry limits live imaging of PSM tissue in zebrafish embryos, particularly at higher resolutions that require a close objective working distance. Here, we present a flattened 3-D tissue culture method for live imaging of zebrafish tail explants. Tail explants mimic intact embryos by displaying a proportional slowdown of axis elongation and shortening of rostrocaudal somite lengths. We are further able to stall axis elongation speed through explant culture. This, for the first time, enables us to untangle the chemical input of signaling gradients from the mechanistic input of axial elongation. In future studies, this method can be combined with a microfluidic setup to allow time-controlled pharmaceutical perturbations or screening of vertebrate segmentation without any drug penetration concerns.
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