Activity-dependent neurotransmitter respecification.

Activity-dependent neurotransmitter respecification.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrn3154
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发表时间:
2012-01-18
影响因子:
34.7
通讯作者:
Spitzer, Nicholas C.
Spitzer, Nicholas C.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Spitzer, Nicholas C.

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多年来,人们一直认为神经元表达的递质身份是稳定不变的。然而,最近的研究表明,在发育和成熟的神经系统中,电活动可以重新指定神经递质表达,并且对活动依赖性递质重新指定的分子机制的理解正在出现。突触后神经递质受体表达的变化伴随并匹配递质规格的变化,从而使突触传递成为可能。神经递质再规范的功能作用开始被理解,似乎涉及稳态突触调节,进而影响行为。通过感觉运动刺激激活这种新形式的可塑性可能会提供临床益处。
For many years it has been assumed that the identity of the transmitters expressed by neurons is stable and unchanging. Recent work, however, shows that electrical activity can respecify neurotransmitter expression during development and in the mature nervous system, and an understanding is emerging of the molecular mechanisms underlying activity-dependent transmitter respecification. Changes in postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor expression accompany and match changes in transmitter specification, thus enabling synaptic transmission. The functional roles of neurotransmitter respecification are beginning to be understood and appear to involve homeostatic synaptic regulation, which in turn influences behaviour. Activation of this novel form of plasticity by sensorimotor stimuli may provide clinical benefits.
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