Monitoring extracellular pH, oxygen, and dopamine during reward delivery in the striatum of primates.
Monitoring extracellular pH, oxygen, and dopamine during reward delivery in the striatum of primates.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnbeh.2012.00036
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Wightman RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ariansen JL;Heien ML;Hermans A;Phillips PE;Hernadi I;Bermudez MA;Schultz W;Wightman RM
从腹侧被盖区延伸到纹状体的多巴胺投射与奖赏和成瘾相关行为的生物学基础有关。直到最近，它一直很难评估复杂的能量利用和纹状体神经活动的平衡。许多技术，如电生理学，功能磁共振成像（fMRI），和快速扫描循环伏安法已被用来监测这些神经化学和神经生理学的变化。在这个大脑区域，对线索和奖励的生理反应会引起局部的短暂pH值变化。由于短暂的神经活动，氧气和pH值在大脑中通过复杂的血流和代谢系统耦合。事实上，这种平衡是功能磁共振成像等成像研究的核心。为此，我们测量pH值和O2的变化与快速扫描循环伏安法在纹状体的代谢和血流在体内的变化在三个猕猴奖励为基础的行为的指标。具体来说，这些动物被呈现了巴甫洛夫条件线索，这些线索预测了不同的液体奖励概率。他们还获得了免费的奖励，没有预测线索。主要检测到的变化包括pH值的变化，在纹状体细胞外环境的奖励预测线索或免费奖励。我们观察到三种类型的线索反应，包括纯碱性pH值的变化，碱性pH值的变化，其次是酸性pH值的变化，和纯酸性pH值的变化。这些反应随着奖励概率的增加而增加，但彼此之间没有显着差异。pH值的变化伴随着细胞外O2的增加。pH值和细胞外O2的变化与目前的代谢和血流理论一致。然而，在大多数情况下，它们的强度足以掩盖多巴胺的变化。这些发现表明这些化学反应在神经元奖励过程中的作用。
Dopamine projections that extend from the ventral tegmental area to the striatum have been implicated in the biological basis for behaviors associated with reward and addiction. Until recently, it has been difficult to evaluate the complex balance of energy utilization and neural activity in the striatum. Many techniques such as electrophysiology, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry have been employed to monitor these neurochemical and neurophysiological changes. In this brain region, physiological responses to cues and rewards cause local, transient pH changes. Oxygen and pH are coupled in the brain through a complex system of blood flow and metabolism as a result of transient neural activity. Indeed, this balance is at the heart of imaging studies such as fMRI. To this end, we measured pH and O2 changes with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry in the striatum as indices of changes in metabolism and blood flow in vivo in three Macaca mulatta monkeys during reward-based behaviors. Specifically, the animals were presented with Pavlovian conditioned cues that predicted different probabilities of liquid reward. They also received free reward without predictive cues. The primary detected change consisted of pH shifts in the striatal extracellular environment following the reward predicting cues or the free reward. We observed three types of cue responses that consisted of purely basic pH shifts, basic pH shifts followed by acidic pH shifts, and purely acidic pH shifts. These responses increased with reward probability, but were not significantly different from each other. The pH changes were accompanied by increases in extracellular O2. The changes in pH and extracellular O2 are consistent with current theories of metabolism and blood flow. However, they were of sufficient magnitude that they masked dopamine changes in the majority of cases. The findings suggest a role of these chemical responses in neuronal reward processing.
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影响因子：
3
作者：
KAWAGOE, KT;ZIMMERMAN, JB;WIGHTMAN, RM
通讯作者：
WIGHTMAN, RM
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Heien, MLAV;Phillips, PEM;Wightman, RM
通讯作者：
Wightman, RM
影响因子：
25
作者：
Kim, DS;Duong, TQ;Kim, SG
通讯作者：
Kim, SG
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Dechent, Peter;Schuetze, Gunther;Frahm, Jens
通讯作者：
Frahm, Jens
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Fiorillo, CD;Tobler, PN;Schultz, W
通讯作者：
Schultz, W