It's a kind of magic-what self-reports can reveal about the phenomenology of insight problem solving.
It's a kind of magic-what self-reports can reveal about the phenomenology of insight problem solving.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01408
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Öllinger M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Danek AH;Fraps T;von Müller A;Grothe B;Öllinger M
魔术对观察者来说通常是个谜。为了科学起见，我们为参与者提供了发现魔术师秘密方法的机会，让他们反复展示同一个魔术，并要求他们找出魔术是如何工作的。在洞察力解决问题的背景下，目前的工作调查的情绪，参与者在解决一个魔术的经验。我们假设这些情绪形成了典型的“啊哈！经验”，伴随着深刻的解决困难的问题。我们的目标是证明啊哈！经验可以引发魔术和系统地探讨现象学的啊哈！通过将其分解为五个先前假设的维度来体验。34个不同魔术的视频片段被呈现给50名参与者，他们必须找出魔术是如何完成的，并表明他们是否经历了啊哈！在解决过程中。然后，参与者对他们的Aha！在14天后重复这些经验以控制其可靠性。41%的建议解决方案都伴随着Aha！体验.定量评估在所有五个方面都保持稳定。幸福被评为最重要的维度。这种积极情绪的首要地位也反映在参与者的定性自我报告中，其中包含的情感方面多于认知方面。实施魔术作为解决问题的任务，我们可以显示出强大的啊哈！如果解决了一个技巧，就可以触发经验。我们至少可以部分地捕捉到啊哈的现象学！通过识别一个占主导地位的方面（积极情绪），一个新的方面（在洞察魔术时释放紧张）和一个不太重要的方面（僵局）。
Magic tricks usually remain a mystery to the observer. For the sake of science, we offered participants the opportunity to discover the magician's secret method by repeatedly presenting the same trick and asking them to find out how the trick worked. In the context of insightful problem solving, the present work investigated the emotions that participants experience upon solving a magic trick. We assumed that these emotions form the typical “Aha! experience” that accompanies insightful solutions to difficult problems. We aimed to show that Aha! experiences can be triggered by magic tricks and to systematically explore the phenomenology of the Aha! experience by breaking it down into five previously postulated dimensions. 34 video clips of different magic tricks were presented up to three times to 50 participants who had to find out how the trick was accomplished, and to indicate whether they had experienced an Aha! during the solving process. Participants then performed a comprehensive quantitative and qualitative assessment of their Aha! experiences which was repeated after 14 days to control for its reliability. 41% of all suggested solutions were accompanied by an Aha! experience. The quantitative assessment remained stable across time in all five dimensions. Happiness was rated as the most important dimension. This primacy of positive emotions was also reflected in participants' qualitative self-reports which contained more emotional than cognitive aspects. Implementing magic tricks as problem solving task, we could show that strong Aha! experiences can be triggered if a trick is solved. We could at least partially capture the phenomenology of Aha! by identifying one prevailing aspect (positive emotions), a new aspect (release of tension upon gaining insight into a magic trick) and one less important aspect (impasse).
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
MacGregor, James N.;Cunningham, J. Barton
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
8.2
作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.29.5.1017
发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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