Mechanisms of Mitotic Spindle Assembly.
Mechanisms of Mitotic Spindle Assembly.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-biochem-060815-014528
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发表时间：
2016-06-02
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Petry S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Petry S
生命依赖于细胞增殖和染色体的准确分离，这是由基于微管（MT）的有丝分裂纺锤体和约200种必需的MT相关蛋白介导的。然而，有丝分裂纺锤体是如何组装和实现染色体分离的机械理解仍然缺失。这主要是由于纺锤体中MT的密度，这大概排除了它们的直接观察。最近的洞察力已经获得了中期纺锤体的分子建设计划，使用散装和单分子测量结合计算建模。MT成核被揭示为主轴组装的关键原理，并且关于MT成核途径及其协调的机械细节开始被揭示。最后，纺锤体组装研究的进展可以应用于解决纺锤体如何分离染色体的分子机制。
Life depends on cell proliferation and the accurate segregation of chromosomes, which are mediated by the microtubule (MT)-based mitotic spindle and ~200 essential MT-associated proteins. Yet, a mechanistic understanding of how the mitotic spindle is assembled and achieves chromosome segregation is still missing. This is mostly due to the density of MTs in the spindle, which presumably precludes their direct observation. Recent insight has been gained into the molecular building plan of the metaphase spindle using bulk and single-molecule measurements combined with computational modeling. MT nucleation was uncovered as a key principle of spindle assembly, and mechanistic details about MT nucleation pathways and their coordination are starting to be revealed. Lastly, advances in studying spindle assembly can be applied to address the molecular mechanisms of how the spindle segregates chromosomes.
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