Diagnostic imaging in COPD.
Diagnostic imaging in COPD.
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DOI：
10.1055/s-0030-1254068
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发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Washko GR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Washko GR
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是一种病理性肺部疾病，其特征是由于肺实质的气肿性破坏和小气道的重塑导致的呼气气流阻塞。虽然肺量测定法是用于筛查大组吸烟者的非常有用的诊断工具，但它不能容易地区分COPD的病因，因此在表征用于临床和研究目的的受试者方面具有有限的效用。长期以来，人们一直对胸部成像及其在吸烟相关肺部疾病体内表征中的作用感兴趣。这一领域的研究已经跨越了胸部X射线和计算机断层扫描等现成的模式，以及光学相干断层扫描和磁共振成像等更先进的成像技术。虽然胸部X光几乎是普遍可用的，但它在检测气道疾病和轻度肺气肿方面缺乏灵敏度，并且通常不适合客观分析。计算机断层扫描已成为用于疾病客观可视化的标准模式。它可以提供有用的措施，肺气肿，气道疾病，最近肺血管疾病的临床相关性。然而，它确实面临着跨品牌和几代扫描仪的标准化的限制，并且与图像采集相关的电离辐射是患者和医疗保健提供者关注的问题。较新的技术，如OCT和MRI，提供了令人兴奋的肺结构和功能的体内洞察，以前只能在尸检标本和生理实验室。鉴于这些技术的可用性更有限，它们目前被视为CT成像的替代品。
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a pathologic pulmonary condition characterized by expiratory airflow obstruction due to emphysematous destruction of the lung parenchyma and remodeling of the small airways. While spirometry is a very useful diagnostic tool for screening large groups of smokers, it cannot readily differentiate the etiologies of COPD and thus has limited utility in characterizing subjects for clinical and investigational purposes. There has been a longstanding interest in thoracic imaging and its role in the in-vivo characterization of smoking related lung disease. Research in this area has spanned readily available modalities such as chest x-ray and computed tomography to more advanced imaging techniques such as optical coherence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. While chest x-ray is almost universally available, it lacks sensitivity in detecting both airway disease and mild emphysema, and is not generally amenable to objective analysis. Computed tomography has become the standard modality used for objective visualization of disease. It can provide useful measures of emphysema, airway disease, and more recently pulmonary vascular disease for clinical correlation. It does, however, face limitations in standardization across brands and generations of scanners, and the ionizing radiation associated with image acquisition is of concern to both patient and health care provider. Newer techniques such as OCT and MRI offer exciting in-vivo insight into lung structure and function that was previously available only in necropsy specimens and physiology labs. Given the more limited availability of these techniques, they are at present viewed as adjuncts to CT imaging.
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影响因子：
158.5
作者：
HOGG, JC;MACKLEM, PT;THURLBECK, WM
通讯作者：
THURLBECK, WM
影响因子：
19.7
作者：
Boedeker, KL;McNitt-Gray, MF;Goldin, JG
通讯作者：
Goldin, JG
影响因子：
9.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
VERGERET, J
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm.159.1.9803117
发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
24.7
作者：
Kessler, R;Faller, M;Weitzenblum, E
通讯作者：
Weitzenblum, E
影响因子：
19.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
Loring, Stephen H.