Concurrent delivery of immune checkpoint blockade modulates T cell dynamics to enhance neoantigen vaccine-generated antitumor immunity.

Concurrent delivery of immune checkpoint blockade modulates T cell dynamics to enhance neoantigen vaccine-generated antitumor immunity.
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免疫检查点阻断的同时递送调节T细胞动力学以增强新抗原疫苗产生的抗肿瘤免疫。

DOI:
10.1038/s43018-022-00352-7
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发表时间:
2022-04
期刊:
影响因子:
22.7
通讯作者:
Li, Bo
Li, Bo
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liu, Longchao;Chen, Jiahui;Zhang, Hongyi;Ye, Jianfeng;Moore, Casey;Lu, Changzheng;Fang, Yan;Fu, Yang-Xin;Li, Bo

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旨在诱导肿瘤特异性T细胞应答的新抗原疫苗在早期临床试验中已经取得了有希望的抗肿瘤效果。然而,关于对这种治疗的反应或抗性的潜在机制仍不清楚。在这里,我们观察到新抗原疫苗产生的T细胞可以与免疫检查点阻断(ICB)协同作用,以有效控制肿瘤。具体来说,我们对超过100,000个T细胞进行了单细胞测序,发现联合治疗诱导了抗原特异性CD 8 T细胞群,具有活性趋化因子信号传导(Cxcr 3 +/Ccl 5+),较低的共抑制受体表达(Lag 3 −/Havcr 2 −)和较高的细胞毒性(FasL+/Gzma+)。此外,联合治疗需要引流淋巴结中新抗原特异性T细胞的产生。这个独特群体的特征基因与T细胞克隆频率和人类更好的生存相关。我们的研究描绘了新抗原疫苗和ICB治疗期间肿瘤浸润T细胞的动态,高维度地识别新抗原反应性T细胞特征,以用于未来治疗策略的开发。
Neoantigen vaccines aiming to induce tumor-specific T cell responses have achieved promising anti-tumor effects in early clinical trials. However, the underlying mechanism regarding response or resistance to this treatment remains unclear. Here, we observe that neoantigen vaccine-generated T cells can synergize with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) for effective tumor control. Specifically, we performed single-cell sequencing on over 100,000 T cells and uncovered that combined therapy induces an antigen-specific CD8 T cell population with active chemokine signaling (Cxcr3+/Ccl5+), lower co-inhibitory receptor expression (Lag3−/Havcr2−) and higher cytotoxicity (Fasl+/Gzma+). Furthermore, the generation of neoantigen-specific T cells in the draining lymph node is required for combination treatment. Signature genes of this unique population are associated with T cell clonal frequency and better survival in humans. Our study profiles the dynamics of tumor infiltrated T cells during neoantigen vaccine and ICB treatments, high-dimensionally identifies neoantigen-reactive T cell signatures for future development of therapeutic strategies.
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