Neural aspects of sentence comprehension: syntactic complexity, reversibility, and reanalysis.
Neural aspects of sentence comprehension: syntactic complexity, reversibility, and reanalysis.
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhp249
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发表时间：
2010-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Braun AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meltzer JA;McArdle JJ;Schafer RJ;Braun AR
布罗卡区优先激活可逆的句子与复杂的句法，但各种语言因素可能是负责这一发现，包括句法运动，工作记忆的需求，和事后再分析。为了区分这些，我们测试了句法复杂性和语义可逆性的功能磁共振成像研究的照片匹配的相互作用。在听觉理解过程中，语义可逆性诱导整个左大脑外侧裂周围语言网络的选择性激活。相反，句法复杂性（宾语嵌入与主语嵌入的关系从句）在可逆的句子只涉及左额下回（LIFG）和左中央前回。在不可逆的句子，只有LIFG是敏感的句法复杂性，证实了一个独特的作用，这一地区的句法处理。尽管如此，可逆性本身的更大影响发生在相同的区域，这表明，完整的句法分析可能是一个非自动的过程中应用的需要。复杂的可逆句子也诱导增强的信号在LIFG和左中央前区随后的图片选择，但额外的招聘右半球同源区（右额下回），以及，表明事后重新分析的句子结构，与最初的理解，从事重叠，但更大的网络的大脑区域。这些分离效应可能为研究脑损伤后接受性语言功能的重组提供了基础。
Broca's area is preferentially activated by reversible sentences with complex syntax, but various linguistic factors may be responsible for this finding, including syntactic movement, working-memory demands, and post hoc reanalysis. To distinguish between these, we tested the interaction of syntactic complexity and semantic reversibility in a functional magnetic resonance imaging study of sentence–picture matching. During auditory comprehension, semantic reversibility induced selective activation throughout the left perisylvian language network. In contrast, syntactic complexity (object-embedded vs. subject-embedded relative clauses) within reversible sentences engaged only the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) and left precentral gyrus. Within irreversible sentences, only the LIFG was sensitive to syntactic complexity, confirming a unique role for this region in syntactic processing. Nonetheless, larger effects of reversibility itself occurred in the same regions, suggesting that full syntactic parsing may be a nonautomatic process applied as needed. Complex reversible sentences also induced enhanced signals in LIFG and left precentral regions on subsequent picture selection, but with additional recruitment of the right hemisphere homolog area (right inferior frontal gyrus) as well, suggesting that post hoc reanalysis of sentence structure, compared with initial comprehension, engages an overlapping but larger network of brain regions. These dissociable effects may offer a basis for studying the reorganization of receptive language function after brain damage.
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