Architecturally diverse proteins converge on an analogous mechanism to inactivate Uracil-DNA glycosylase.

Architecturally diverse proteins converge on an analogous mechanism to inactivate Uracil-DNA glycosylase.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkt633
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发表时间:
2013-10
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Savva R
Savva R
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cole AR;Ofer S;Ryzhenkova K;Baltulionis G;Hornyak P;Savva R

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尿嘧啶- dna糖基化酶(UDG)损害了来自不相关谱系的多种病毒的复制策略。因此,病毒编码蛋白的存在是为了限制、抑制或靶向UDG蛋白水解活性。靶向UDG的病毒蛋白,如噬菌体蛋白ugi和p56,以及HIV-1蛋白Vpr,没有序列相似性,也没有结构同源性。这种多样性阻碍了其他基因组中已知或预期的udg抑制活性的鉴定。ugi抑制UDG的结构基础已被很好地表征;然而,矛盾的是,未结合的p56蛋白的结构神秘地没有揭示其机制。为了解决这个难题,我们确定了与UDG结合的p56二聚体的结构。来自p56亚基之一的螺旋占据UDG dna结合间隙,而二聚体界面形成疏水盒,以捕获机械上重要的UDG残基。令人惊讶的是,这些p56抑制元素出乎意料地与ugi使用的特征相似,尽管在架构上存在巨大差异。从B-DNA到UDG的接触是由p56螺旋的残基模拟的,与ugi的抑制性β链的作用相呼应。通过诱变,我们提出p56的DNA模仿是一种靶向和特异性机制,支持通过疏水隔离进行紧密抑制。
Uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) compromises the replication strategies of diverse viruses from unrelated lineages. Virally encoded proteins therefore exist to limit, inhibit or target UDG activity for proteolysis. Viral proteins targeting UDG, such as the bacteriophage proteins ugi, and p56, and the HIV-1 protein Vpr, share no sequence similarity, and are not structurally homologous. Such diversity has hindered identification of known or expected UDG-inhibitory activities in other genomes. The structural basis for UDG inhibition by ugi is well characterized; yet, paradoxically, the structure of the unbound p56 protein is enigmatically unrevealing of its mechanism. To resolve this conundrum, we determined the structure of a p56 dimer bound to UDG. A helix from one of the subunits of p56 occupies the UDG DNA-binding cleft, whereas the dimer interface forms a hydrophobic box to trap a mechanistically important UDG residue. Surprisingly, these p56 inhibitory elements are unexpectedly analogous to features used by ugi despite profound architectural disparity. Contacts from B-DNA to UDG are mimicked by residues of the p56 helix, echoing the role of ugi’s inhibitory beta strand. Using mutagenesis, we propose that DNA mimicry by p56 is a targeting and specificity mechanism supporting tight inhibition via hydrophobic sequestration.
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