Adaptation to vector-based transmission in a honey bee virus.
Adaptation to vector-based transmission in a honey bee virus.
复制标题
适应蜜蜂病毒的载体传播。
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2656.13493
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Beekman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amanda M. Norton;E. Remnant;J. Tom;G. Buchmann;T. Blacquière;M. Beekman
新出现的传染病导致全球传粉者数量下降，这是一个主要问题。经管理的蜜蜂(意大利蜜蜂)对许多寄生虫和病原体很敏感，其中许多似乎可以传播到共域的非蜜蜂类群。体表寄生螨Varroa destructor被认为是蜜蜂最大的威胁，因为它在传播RNA病毒，特别是变形翅病毒(DWV)方面发挥着重要作用。DWV的媒介传播导致蜜蜂体内积累了高病毒载量，并经常与蜂群死亡有关。DWV有A和B两种主要的基因型别，在破碎型弧菌建立的初期，以DWV-A为主。近年来，全球乙型流行性感冒的流行有所增加，这表明乙型流行性感冒比甲型流行性感冒更能适应媒介传播。我们的目的是在群体水平上确定媒介传播在DWV基因型流行中所起的作用。我们在实验中增加或减少了蜜蜂群体中破坏弧菌的数量，并在10个月的时间里跟踪了DWV-A和DWV-B的负载。我们的结果表明，这两种DWV基因对螨数的反应是不同的。在蜜蜂体内，DWV-A的积累量与螨数呈正相关，而在没有螨类的情况下，大部分检测不到DWV-A。相反，即使在螨数很低的情况下，蜂群也有很高的DWV-B负载量。在灭螨剂处理的群体中，DWV-B的载量持续存在，这表明无论螨数多少，该基因型都比DWV-A具有竞争优势。我们的发现表明，全球DWV-B流行率的增加并不是由媒介的选择性压力驱动的。相反，在存在和不存在破坏弧菌的情况下，相对于DWV-A，DWV-B能够在更高的病毒载量下存活在菌落中。作为溢出的结果，破坏弧菌和蜜蜂群体中的DWV基因之间的相互作用可能会对共生类群中的病毒多样性产生广泛的影响。
Global pollinator declines as a result of emerging infectious diseases are of major concern. Managed honey bees (Apis mellifera) are susceptible to numerous parasites and pathogens, many of which appear to be transmissible to sympatric non-Apis taxa. The ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor is considered to be the most significant threat to honey bees due to its role in vectoring RNA viruses, particularly Deformed wing virus (DWV). Vector transmission of DWV has resulted in the accumulation of high viral loads in honey bees and is often associated with colony death. DWV has two main genotypes, A and B. DWV-A was more prevalent during the initial phase of V. destructor establishment. In recent years, the global prevalence of DWV-B has increased, suggesting that DWV-B is better adapted to vector transmission than DWV-A. We aimed to determine the role vector transmission plays in DWV genotype prevalence at a colony level. We experimentally increased or decreased the number of V. destructor mites in honey bee colonies, and tracked DWV-A and DWV-B loads over a period of ten months. Our results show that the two DWV genotypes differ in their response to mite numbers. DWV-A accumulation in honey bees was positively correlated with mite numbers yet DWV-A was largely undetected in the absence of the mite. In contrast, colonies had high loads of DWV-B even when mite numbers were low. DWV-B loads persisted in miticide treated colonies, indicating that this genotype has a competitive advantage over DWV-A irrespective of mite numbers. Our findings suggest that the global increase in DWV-B prevalence is not driven by selective pressure by the vector. Rather, DWV-B is able to persist in colonies at higher viral loads relative to DWV-A in the presence and absence of V. destructor. The interplay between V. destructor and DWV genotypes within honey bee colonies may have broad consequences upon viral diversity in sympatric taxa as a result of spill-over.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Campbell, Ewan M.;Budge, Giles E.;Bowman, Alan S.
通讯作者：
Bowman, Alan S.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Moore, Jonathan;Jironkin, Aleksey;Ryabov, Eugene V.
通讯作者：
Ryabov, Eugene V.