Effects of Using Artificial Intelligence on Interpersonal Perceptions of Job Applicants

Effects of Using Artificial Intelligence on Interpersonal Perceptions of Job Applicants
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使用人工智能对求职者人际感知的影响

DOI:
10.1089/cyber.2020.0863
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
and Social Networking
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hancock, Jeffrey T.
Hancock, Jeffrey T.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Weiss, Daphne;Liu, Sunny X.;Mieczkowski, Hannah;Hancock, Jeffrey T.

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基于文本的人工智能(AI)系统越来越多地集成到许多人际领域。尽管多年来,招聘和就业机会中的决策和个人感知一直是心理学感兴趣的领域,但直到最近,学者们才开始研究人工智能在这方面发挥的作用。为了更好地了解人工智能在就业相关环境中的影响,我们进行了两个实验,调查申请人使用人工智能如何影响他们的工作机会。在我们的预注册研究1中,我们研究了未来求职者使用人工智能的情况以及他们的语言状况(英语母语者或非英语母语者)如何影响参与者对他们的热情,能力,社会吸引力和招聘意愿的印象。在研究2中,我们研究了接受援助如何影响人际感知,以及感知如何改变人工智能或另一个人提供的帮助。这两项实验的结果都表明,人工智能技术的使用会对求职者的看法产生负面影响。这种负面影响可能是基于接受任何类型的帮助的感知,无论是来自机器还是人。这些研究为计算机作为社会行为者框架提供了额外的证据,并促进了我们对人工智能介导的通信的理解。研究结果还提出了与人际环境中人工智能使用相关的透明度和欺骗问题。
Text-based artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly integrated into a host of interpersonal domains. Although decision-making and person perception in hiring and employment opportunities have been an area of psychological interest for many years, only recently have scholars begun to investigate the role that AI plays in this context. To better understand the impact of AI in employment-related contexts, we conducted two experiments investigating how the use of AI by applicants influences their job opportunities. In our preregistered Study 1, we examined how a prospective job applicants' use of AI, as well as their language status (native English speaker or non-native English speaker), influenced participants' impressions of their warmth, competence, social attractiveness, and hiring desirability. In Study 2, we examined how receiving assistance impacted interpersonal perceptions, and how perceptions might change whether the help was provided by AI or by another human. The results from both experiments suggest that the use of AI technologies can negatively influence perceptions of jobseekers. This negative impact may be grounded in the perception of receivinganytype of help, whether it be from a machine or a person. These studies provide additional evidence for the Computers as Social Actors framework and advance our understanding of AI-Mediated Communication. The results also raise questions about transparency and deception related to AI use in interpersonal contexts.
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