Dihydroxyacetone phosphate signals glucose availability to mTORC1.

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate signals glucose availability to mTORC1.
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DOI:
10.1038/s42255-020-0250-5
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发表时间:
2020-09
期刊:
影响因子:
20.8
通讯作者:
Sabatini DM
Sabatini DM
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Orozco JM;Krawczyk PA;Scaria SM;Cangelosi AL;Chan SH;Kunchok T;Lewis CA;Sabatini DM

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MTOR复合体1(MTORC1)通过调节合成代谢和分解代谢过程之间的平衡来调节细胞生长。要发挥活性,mTORC1需要氨基酸和葡萄糖在环境中的存在。虽然对mTORC1感知氨基酸的机制的理解正在形成,但葡萄糖如何激活mTORC1仍然是个谜。在这里,我们使用缺乏典型能量传感器AMPK的代谢工程人类细胞来鉴定激活mTORC1所需的葡萄糖衍生代谢物,而不依赖于能量应激。我们发现mTORC1在3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶糖酵解步骤的下游和3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的上游感知代谢物,并准确地指出二羟丙酮磷酸(DHAP)是关键分子。在表达三糖激酶的细胞中,即使在没有葡萄糖的情况下,从二羟基丙酮合成DHAP也足以激活mTORC1。DHAP是脂质合成的前体,是受mTORC1控制的过程,这为mTORC1检测DHAP提供了潜在的理论基础。
The mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) kinase regulates cell growth by setting the balance between anabolic and catabolic processes. To be active, mTORC1 requires the environmental presence of amino acids and glucose. While a mechanistic understanding of amino acid sensing by mTORC1 is emerging, how glucose activates mTORC1 remains mysterious. Here, we used metabolically engineered human cells lacking the canonical energy sensor AMPK to identify glucose-derived metabolites required to activate mTORC1 independent of energetic stress. We show that mTORC1 senses a metabolite downstream of the aldolase and upstream of the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase steps of glycolysis and pinpoint dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) as the key molecule. In cells expressing a triose kinase, the synthesis of DHAP from dihydroxyacetone is sufficient to activate mTORC1 even in the absence of glucose. DHAP is a precursor for lipid synthesis, a process under the control of mTORC1, which provides a potential rationale for the sensing of DHAP by mTORC1.
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