Centromere studies in the era of 'telomere-to-telomere' genomics.

Centromere studies in the era of 'telomere-to-telomere' genomics.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112127
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发表时间:
2020-09-15
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Miga KH
Miga KH
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Miga KH

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我们正在进入一个令人兴奋的基因组学时代,在这个时代,真正完整、高质量的人类染色体组装可以端到端,或者从“端粒到端粒”(T2T)。这一技术进步提供了一个新的机会,包括内源性人类着丝粒区域的高分辨率,基于序列的研究。这些新兴的参考图谱有望揭示人类基因组中新的功能景观,其中着丝粒蛋白,转录调控和空间组织可以在不同的发育阶段和疾病中以基本水平的分辨率进行检查。这些研究将依赖于超长串联重复序列(ETRs)或卫星DNA的创新组装方法,以及新的正交验证方法的开发,以确保准确性和完整性。这篇综述反映了着丝粒基因组学的进展,归功于长读序和组装方法的最新进展。在此过程中,我将讨论仍然存在的挑战和卫星DNA生物学和着丝粒功能科学发现新时期的希望。
We are entering into an exciting era of genomics where truly complete, high-quality assemblies of human chromosomes are available end-to-end, or from ‘telomere-to-telomere’ (T2T). This technological advance offers a new opportunity to include endogenous human centromeric regions in high-resolution, sequence-based studies. These emerging reference maps are expected to reveal a new functional landscape in the human genome, where centromere proteins, transcriptional regulation, and spatial organization can be examined with base-level resolution across different stages of development and disease. Such studies will depend on innovative assembly methods of extremely long tandem repeats (ETRs), or satellite DNAs, paired with the development of new, orthogonal validation methods to ensure accuracy and completeness. This review reflects the progress in centromere genomics, credited by recent advancements in long-read sequencing and assembly methods. In doing so, I will discuss the challenges that remain and the promise for a new period of scientific discovery for satellite DNA biology and centromere function.
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