The past, present, and future of human centromere genomics.

The past, present, and future of human centromere genomics.
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DOI:
10.3390/genes5010033
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发表时间:
2014-01-24
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Sullivan BA
Sullivan BA
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Aldrup-Macdonald ME;Sullivan BA

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着丝粒是染色体遗传和基因组稳定性所必需的染色体位点。人类着丝粒位于重复的α卫星DNA阵列上,约占基因组的5%。在组装的参考基因组中不存在连续体α卫星DNA序列,限制了目前对着丝粒组织和功能的理解。在这里,我们回顾了着丝粒基因组学的进展,跨越序列的发现,其分子特征和在人类基因组计划时代所做的工作,以阐明α卫星结构和序列变异。我们讨论了令人兴奋的最新进展,α卫星序列组装,提供了重要的洞察到丰富和复杂的组织,这个序列对人类染色体。根据这些新的发现,我们提供的前景,为未来的研究人类着丝粒组装和功能。
The centromere is the chromosomal locus essential for chromosome inheritance and genome stability. Human centromeres are located at repetitive alpha satellite DNA arrays that compose approximately 5% of the genome. Contiguous alpha satellite DNA sequence is absent from the assembled reference genome, limiting current understanding of centromere organization and function. Here, we review the progress in centromere genomics spanning the discovery of the sequence to its molecular characterization and the work done during the Human Genome Project era to elucidate alpha satellite structure and sequence variation. We discuss exciting recent advances in alpha satellite sequence assembly that have provided important insight into the abundance and complex organization of this sequence on human chromosomes. In light of these new findings, we offer perspectives for future studies of human centromere assembly and function.
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