A salivary chitinase of Varroa destructor influences host immunity and mite's survival.
A salivary chitinase of Varroa destructor influences host immunity and mite's survival.
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Varroa破坏者的唾液几丁质会影响宿主的免疫力和螨虫的生存。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1009075
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发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Pennacchio F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Becchimanzi A;Tatè R;Campbell EM;Gigliotti S;Bowman AS;Pennacchio F
瓦罗亚破坏蜂是蜜蜂的一种体外寄生虫，也是一种活跃的病媒，是养蜂业最严重的威胁之一。这种寄生蠕虫通过角质层上的伤口摄取宿主的体液，这使得母亲及其后代能够摄取食物，为感染微生物提供了一条潜在的进入途径。喂食螨类与唾液注射有关，其作用在很大程度上仍不清楚。在这里，我们试图通过鉴定存在于破坏弧菌唾液中的假定宿主调节因子并对其中之一进行功能分析来填补这一空白，其中一种几丁质酶(VD-CHIsal)与寄生和捕食性节肢动物中存在的几丁质酶具有亲缘关系，它在蠕形螨的唾液腺中显示出特异性和非常高的表达水平。Vd-Chisal对于有效的螨类饲养和生存是必不可少的，因为它显然参与了维持饲养伤口的开放和防止条件病原体对宿主的感染。我们的结果表明，寄生节肢动物不同进化谱系共有的寄主调节因子在寄主-蜜蜂相互作用的调节中发挥了重要作用。我们预测，Varroa sialome的功能特征将为节肢动物的寄生进化提供新的背景知识，并有机会基于破坏它们与活的食物来源的复杂相互作用来开发新的生物灵感策略来控制螨类。瓦螨是蜜蜂的一种寄生螨类，也是蜜蜂蜂群损失的主要驱动力。取食的螨类注入一种鲜为人知的分子的唾液混合物，这些分子调节宿主的生理。在这里，我们已经确定了存在于Varroa唾液中的可能的宿主调节因子，并表征了一种高度表达的几丁质酶的功能作用，该酶在不同的寄生节肢动物进化谱系中是保守的。这种酶会影响宿主的免疫反应和螨虫的存活。对Varroa唾液的深入功能分析将有助于揭示节肢动物的寄生进化，并将为开发新的生物灵感策略铺平道路。
Varroa destructor is an ectoparasite of honey bees and an active disease vector, which represents one of the most severe threats for the beekeeping industry. This parasitic mite feeds on the host’s body fluids through a wound in the cuticle, which allows food uptake by the mother mite and its progeny, offering a potential route of entrance for infecting microorganisms. Mite feeding is associated with saliva injection, whose role is still largely unknown. Here we try to fill this gap by identifying putative host regulation factors present in the saliva of V. destructor and performing a functional analysis for one of them, a chitinase (Vd-CHIsal) phylogenetically related to chitinases present in parasitic and predatory arthropods, which shows a specific and very high level of expression in the mite’s salivary glands. Vd-CHIsal is essential for effective mite feeding and survival, since it is apparently involved both in maintaining the feeding wound open and in preventing host infection by opportunistic pathogens. Our results show the important role in the modulation of mite-honey bee interactions exerted by a host regulation factor shared by different evolutionary lineages of parasitic arthropods. We predict that the functional characterization of Varroa sialome will provide new background knowledge on parasitism evolution in arthropods and the opportunity to develop new bioinspired strategies for mite control based on the disruption of their complex interactions with a living food source. Varroa destructor is a parasitic mite of honey bees and a major driver of honey bee colony losses. The feeding mites inject a salivary blend of poorly known molecules, which regulate host physiology. Here, we have identified in silico putative host regulation factors occurring in Varroa saliva and characterized the functional role of a highly expressed chitinase, which is conserved across different evolutionary lineages of parasitic arthropods. This enzyme influences host immune response and mite’s survival. An in-depth functional analysis of Varroa saliva will shed light on parasitism evolution in arthropods and will pave the way towards the development of new bioinspired strategies for mite control.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Campbell EM;Budge GE;Bowman AS
通讯作者：
Bowman AS
前瞻性大规模现场研究产生了预测模型，以识别菌落损失的主要贡献者。
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Kielmanowicz MG;Inberg A;Lerner IM;Golani Y;Brown N;Turner CL;Hayes GJ;Ballam JM
通讯作者：
Ballam JM
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1523515113
发表时间：
2016-03-22
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Di Prisco, Gennaro;Annoscia, Desiderato;Pennacchio, Francesco
通讯作者：
Pennacchio, Francesco
DOI：
10.1016/j.cbpc.2004.11.009
发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Han, JH;Lee, KS;Jin, BR
通讯作者：
Jin, BR
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Albert, Stefan;Gaetschenberger, Heike;Mueller, Martin J.
通讯作者：
Mueller, Martin J.