Prospective large-scale field study generates predictive model identifying major contributors to colony losses.
Prospective large-scale field study generates predictive model identifying major contributors to colony losses.
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前瞻性大规模现场研究产生了预测模型，以识别菌落损失的主要贡献者。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1004816
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发表时间：
2015-04
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Ballam JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kielmanowicz MG;Inberg A;Lerner IM;Golani Y;Brown N;Turner CL;Hayes GJ;Ballam JM
在过去的十年里，美国各地的养蜂人报告了异常高的蜂群损失。多种因素，如狄斯瓦螨，蜜蜂病毒，微孢子虫，天气，养蜂实践，营养和农药已被证明有助于殖民地的损失。在这里，我们描述了一个大规模的对照试验，其中不同的蜜蜂病原体，蜜蜂种群和整个冬季的天气条件进行了监测，在美国的三个地点。为了尽量减少各种已知的影响因素及其相互作用的影响，研究中的荨麻疹没有用抗生素或杀螨剂治疗。此外，蜂箱被保存在一个地方，没有暴露于与迁移有关的潜在压力因素。我们的结果表明，在高瓦螨侵染水平（>3螨/100只蜜蜂）下，瓦螨属和蜜蜂中病毒载量（DWV或IAPV）之间存在线性相关性。综合数据的收集使我们能够绘制菌落损失的预测模型，并显示狄斯瓦螨，沿着蜜蜂病毒，主要是DWV复制，造成约70%的菌落损失。这种相关性进一步支持了对病毒载体瓦螨的控制不足将导致蜂巢损失增加的说法。预测模型还表明，单一因素可能不足以引发蜂群损失，而压力因素的组合似乎会影响蜂群健康。大约三分之一的食物供应依赖于授粉昆虫。在过去的八年里，驯化蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）的群体损失数量显着增加，危及杏仁等作物的授粉。最近的研究表明，菌落损失受几个因素的组合影响。我们进行了一项广泛的对照研究，使我们能够了解不同因素对菌落损失的贡献。结果帮助我们建立了一个预测模型，表明单一因素往往不足以引发菌落损失。压力源的组合已被证明对蜂巢健康有更大的影响;畸形翼病毒的复制，恶劣的天气条件和狄斯瓦螨包括主要确定的原因。
Over the last decade, unusually high losses of colonies have been reported by beekeepers across the USA. Multiple factors such as Varroa destructor, bee viruses, Nosema ceranae, weather, beekeeping practices, nutrition, and pesticides have been shown to contribute to colony losses. Here we describe a large-scale controlled trial, in which different bee pathogens, bee population, and weather conditions across winter were monitored at three locations across the USA. In order to minimize influence of various known contributing factors and their interaction, the hives in the study were not treated with antibiotics or miticides. Additionally, the hives were kept at one location and were not exposed to potential stress factors associated with migration. Our results show that a linear association between load of viruses (DWV or IAPV) in Varroa and bees is present at high Varroa infestation levels (>3 mites per 100 bees). The collection of comprehensive data allowed us to draw a predictive model of colony losses and to show that Varroa destructor, along with bee viruses, mainly DWV replication, contributes to approximately 70% of colony losses. This correlation further supports the claim that insufficient control of the virus-vectoring Varroa mite would result in increased hive loss. The predictive model also indicates that a single factor may not be sufficient to trigger colony losses, whereas a combination of stressors appears to impact hive health. Roughly one third of the food supply relies on pollinating insects. The number of colony losses of the domesticated Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) has grown significantly in the past eight years, endangering pollination of crops like almonds. Recent research indicates that colony losses are influenced by a combination of several factors. We conducted an extensive and controlled study that allowed us to look at the contribution of different factors to colony loss. Results helped us build a predictive model showing that a single factor is often insufficient to trigger colony loss. Combination of stressors has shown to have greater impact on hive health; replication of the Deformed Wing Virus, stressful weather conditions, and Varroa destructor comprise the primary identified causes.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Cornman RS;Tarpy DR;Chen Y;Jeffreys L;Lopez D;Pettis JS;vanEngelsdorp D;Evans JD
通讯作者：
Evans JD
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Carreck, Norman L.;Bell, Brenda V.;Martin, Stephen J.
通讯作者：
Martin, Stephen J.
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Dainat, Benjamin;Evans, Jay D.;Neumann, Peter
通讯作者：
Neumann, Peter
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Antunez, Karina;Martin-Hernandez, Raquel;Higes, Mariano
通讯作者：
Higes, Mariano
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Gisder, Sebastian;Aumeier, Pia;Genersch, Elke
通讯作者：
Genersch, Elke