When diagnosing ADHD in young adults emphasize informant reports, DSM items, and impairment.
When diagnosing ADHD in young adults emphasize informant reports, DSM items, and impairment.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0029098
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发表时间：
2012-12
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Kuriyan, Aparajita B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sibley, Margaret H.;Pelham, William E., Jr.;Molina, Brooke S. G.;Gnagy, Elizabeth M.;Waxmonsky, James G.;Waschbusch, Daniel A.;Derefinko, Karen J.;Wymbs, Brian T.;Garefino, Allison C.;Babinski, Dara E.;Kuriyan, Aparajita B.
本研究使用200名ADHD患者（年龄M = 20.20岁）和121名人口统计学上相似的非ADHD对照（总N = 321）的儿童期诊断样本的数据，检查了关于年轻人注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）诊断的几个问题。我们研究了自我与信息提供者对当前和儿童期功能的评级，并评估了成人特定项目与精神疾病诊断和统计手册（DSM）项目的诊断效用。结果表明，尽管大多数儿童诊断为ADHD的年轻人继续经历升高的ADHD症状（75%）和临床显著的损伤（60%），但只有9.6%-19.7%的儿童ADHD组继续符合DSM-IV-TR（DSM，第4版，修订文本）ADHD的标准在年轻的成年人。父母报告比自我报告对诊断更敏感。患有ADHD的年轻人倾向于低估当前症状，而没有ADHD的年轻人倾向于高估症状。没有显着的增量效益超出家长报告单独自我报告与家长报告相结合。非DSM为基础的，成人特有的ADHD症状与功能障碍显着相关，并以略高于DSM-IV-TR症状的比率得到认可。然而，DSM-IV-TR项目往往比非DSM成人特定项目更能预测诊断组成员资格，因为对照组项目认可度较高。讨论了对年轻人ADHD评估和治疗的影响（即，收集报告人报告，降低诊断阈值，强调损伤，谨慎解释回顾性报告）。
This study examined several questions about the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in young adults using data from a childhood-diagnosed sample of 200 individuals with ADHD (age M = 20.20 years) and 121 demographically similar non-ADHD controls (total N = 321). We examined the use of self-versus informant ratings of current and childhood functioning and evaluated the diagnostic utility of adult-specific items versus items from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders (DSM). Results indicated that although a majority of young adults with a childhood diagnosis of ADHD continued to experience elevated ADHD symptoms (75%) and clinically significant impairment (60%), only 9.6%–19.7% of the childhood ADHD group continued to meet DSM–IV–TR (DSM, 4th ed., text rev.) criteria for ADHD in young adulthood. Parent report was more diagnostically sensitive than self-report. Young adults with ADHD tended to underreport current symptoms, while young adults without ADHD tended to overreport symptoms. There was no significant incremental benefit beyond parent report alone to combining self-report with parent report. Non-DSM-based, adult-specific symptoms of ADHD were significantly correlated with functional impairment and endorsed at slightly higher rates than the DSM-IV-TR symptoms. However, DSM-IV-TR items tended to be more predictive of diagnostic group membership than the non-DSM adult-specific items due to elevated control group item endorsement. Implications for the assessment and treatment of ADHD in young adults are discussed (i.e., collecting informant reports, lowering the diagnostic threshold, emphasizing impairment, and cautiously interpreting retrospective reports).
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DOI：
10.1097/01.chi.0000189134.97436.e2
发表时间：
2006-02-01
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Barkley, RA;Fischer, M;Fletcher, K
通讯作者：
Fletcher, K
DOI：
10.1207/s15374424jccp3504_8
发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Flory, Kate;Molina, Brooke S. G.;Smith, Bradley
通讯作者：
Smith, Bradley
影响因子：
3
作者：
Miller, Carlin J.;Newcorn, Jeffrey H.;Halperin, Jeffrey M.
通讯作者：
Halperin, Jeffrey M.
影响因子：
17.7
作者：
Mannuzza, S;Klein, RG;LaPadula, M
通讯作者：
LaPadula, M
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kessler, Ronald C.;Green, Jennifer Greif;Adler, Lenard A.;Barkley, Russell A.;Chatterji, Somnath;Faraone, Stephen V.;Finkelman, Matthew;Greenhill, Laurence L.;Gruber, Michael J.;Jewell, Mark;Russo, Leo J.;Sampson, Nancy A.;Van Brunt, David L.
通讯作者：
Van Brunt, David L.