Developing a three-dimensional narrative to counter polio vaccine refusal in Charsadda.
Developing a three-dimensional narrative to counter polio vaccine refusal in Charsadda.
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DOI：
10.7189/jogh.10.021301
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发表时间：
2020-12
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Khalid F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khan SA;Ashfaq M;Ayub A;Jamil A;Badshah J;Ullah I;Shahabuddin A;Khalid F
巴基斯坦流行的脊髓灰质炎正在威胁全球根除脊髓灰质炎倡议（PEI）。近年来，拒绝接种疫苗的情况激增，导致脊髓灰质炎病例激增。目前的研究旨在了解查萨达区拒绝接种疫苗的种族、宗教和文化根源，并探索补救方案。我们对拒绝为孩子接种脊髓灰质炎疫苗的家长和爱德华王子岛省工作人员进行了 43 次深度访谈。采访内容均进行录音、逐字记录并通过 Atlis.ti 进行分析。我们对数据进行了主题分析。对美国和犹太人阴谋的恐惧是拒绝接种疫苗的主要原因。巴基斯坦塔利班运动等激进组织通过社交媒体利用了这种恐惧。普什图族认为自己处于阴谋的中心。他们对脊髓灰质炎运动背后的大规模投资和动员表示怀疑。我们的受访者担心脊髓灰质炎疫苗会让儿童变得粗俗。他们还担心生育中男女比例的下降。在普什图族社区，标志性的传统社区聚会 [“Hujras”] 正在被挑衅性的数字 Hujra [社交媒体] 所取代，PEI 和巴基斯坦政府 (GOP) 未能对其施加影响或监管。 PEI 使用了“宗教拒绝”这一误导性术语。神职人员中的一些派系通过疫苗接种来诽谤人们，但不是通过宗教格言。反国家分子煽动情绪，削弱了国家的主动性。对不良影响的恐惧、卫生保健提供者的态度障碍、未满足的基本需求以及据称疫苗的非法成分是拒绝接种疫苗的原因之一。 PEI 需要修改其误导性的命名法，并进行公开讨论，以消除与疫苗相关的不孕、粗俗和性别比例的神话。与此同时，共和党应该停止社交媒体上的虚假信息，并通过政府资助的健康保险计划等受欢迎的举措来重塑脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种。社区成员的种族、文化和宗教倾向以不同的方式影响了查萨达地区拒绝接种脊髓灰质炎疫苗的情况。与现有的阴谋论和医学误解相一致，这三个因素使得拒绝更难反击。涉及这三个方面内容的宣传活动可以改善这种情况。
Endemic polio in Pakistan is threatening the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (PEI). In recent years, vaccine refusals have surged, spiking polio cases. The current study was conducted to understand the ethnic, religious and cultural roots of vaccine refusals in Charsadda District and explore the remedial options. We conducted 43 in-depth interviews with parents who had refused polio vaccines for their children and the PEI staff. Interviews were audio-recorded, written in verbatim and analysed with Atlis.ti. We conducted a thematic analysis of our data. The fear of American and Jewish conspiracies was the primary cause of vaccine refusals. Militant groups like Tehrek-i-Taliban Pakistan capitalised on this fear, through social media. The Pashtun ethnic group considers itself at the centre of conspiracies. They are suspicious of mass investment and mobilisation behind the polio campaign. Our respondents feared that polio vaccines were making children vulgar. They also feared a reduction in the male to female ratio in childbirth. In Pashtun communities, the iconic conventional community gatherings [“Hujras”] are being replaced by provocative digital Hujra [social media], which the PEI and the Government of Pakistan (GOP) are failing to influence or regulate. The PEI uses the misleading term 'religious refusal'. Some factions in the clergy are maligning people from vaccinations, but not through religious dictum. The anti-state elements have stirred sentiments to weaken the state initiative. Fear of adverse effects, attitudinal barriers of health care providers, unmet basic needs and alleged haram composition of the vaccine were among the reasons for vaccine refusals. The PEI needs to revise its misleading nomenclature and ensue open discussion to dispel the myths of infertility, vulgarity and gender ratio related to the vaccines. Simultaneously, the GOP should stop disinformation on social media and rebrand polio vaccination with popular initiatives like the government-sponsored health insurance schemes. The ethnic, cultural and religious dispositions of community members shape polio vaccine refusals in Charsadda District, in different ways. In synch with existing conspiracy theories and medical misconceptions, these three factors make refusals harder to counter. Awareness campaigns with content addressing these three dimensions can improve the situation.
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DOI：
10.2471/blt.09.066480
发表时间：
2010-02-01
期刊：
Bulletin of the World Health Organization: International Journal of Public Health
影响因子：
--
作者：
Nishtar, Sania
通讯作者：
Nishtar, Sania
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Kennedy, Jonathan
通讯作者：
Kennedy, Jonathan
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Blume, S
通讯作者：
Blume, S
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
NICHTER, M
通讯作者：
NICHTER, M
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Hak, E;Schönbeck, Y;Sanders, EAM
通讯作者：
Sanders, EAM